Astronomy and General Physics Considered with Reference to Natural TheologyWhewell, William
Religion
Astronomy and General Physics Considered with Reference to Natural Theology
Whewell, William
Astronomy; Cosmic physics; Natural theology
To ascertain such laws of nature as we have been describing, is
the peculiar business of science. It is only with regard to a very
small portion of the appearances of the universe, that science, in
any strict application of the term, exists. In very few departments
of research have men been able to trace a multitude of known facts
to causes which appear to be the ultimate material causes, or to
discern the laws which seem to be the most general laws. Yet, in
one or two instances, they have done this, or something approaching
to this; and most especially in the instance of that part of
nature, which it is the object of this treatise more peculiarly to
consider.
The apparent motions of the sun, moon, and stars have been more
completely reduced to their causes and laws than any other class of
phenomena. Astronomy, the science which treats of these, is already
a wonderful example of the degree of such knowledge which man may
attain. The forms of its most important laws may be conceived to
be certainly known; and hundreds of observers in all parts of the
world are daily employed in determining, with additional accuracy,
the arbitrary magnitudes which these laws involve.
The inquiries in which the mutual effects of heat, moisture,
air, and the like elements are treated of, including, among
other subjects, all that we know of the causes of the weather
(meteorology) is a far more imperfect science than astronomy. Yet,
with regard to these agents, a great number of laws of nature have
been discovered, though, undoubtedly, a far greater number remain
still unknown.
So far, therefore, as our knowledge goes, astronomy and meteorology
are parts of natural philosophy in which we may study the order
of nature with such views as we have suggested; in which we may
hope to make out the adaptations and aims which exist in the laws
of nature; and thus to obtain some light on the tendency of this
part of the legislation of the universe, and on the character and
disposition of the Legislator.
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