Astronomy Explained Upon Sir Isaac Newton's Principles: And made easy to those who have not studied mathematicsFerguson, James
Science
Astronomy Explained Upon Sir Isaac Newton's Principles: And made easy to those who have not studied mathematics
Ferguson, James
Astronomy -- Early works to 1800
6. The Sun appears very bright and large in comparison of the Fixed
Stars, because we keep constantly near the Sun, in comparison of our
immense distance from the Stars. For, a spectator, placed as near to any
Star as we are to the Sun, would see that Star a body as large and
bright as the Sun appears to us: and a spectator, as far distant from
the Sun as we are from the Stars, would see the Sun as small as we see a
Star, divested of all its circumvolving Planets; and would reckon it one
of the Stars in numbering them.
[Sidenote: The Stars are not enlightened by the Sun.]
7. The Stars, being at such immense distances from the Sun, cannot
possibly receive from him so strong a light as they seem to have; nor
any brightness sufficient to make them visible to us. For the Sun’s rays
must be so scattered and dissipated before they reach such remote
objects, that they can never be transmitted back to our eyes, so as to
render these objects visible by reflection. The Stars therefore shine
with their own native and unborrowed lustre, as the Sun does; and since
each particular Star, as well as the Sun, is confined to a particular
portion of space, ’tis plain that the Stars are of the same nature with
the Sun.
[Sidenote: They are probably surrounded by Planets.]
8. It is no ways probable that the Almighty, who always acts with
infinite wisdom and does nothing in vain, should create so many glorious
Suns, fit for so many important purposes, and place them at such
distances from one another, without proper objects near enough to be
benefited by their influences. Whoever imagines they were created only
to give a faint glimmering light to the inhabitants of this Globe, must
have a very superficial knowledge of Astronomy, and a mean opinion of
the Divine Wisdom: since, by an infinitely less exertion of creating
power, the Deity could have given our Earth much more light by one
single additional Moon.
9. Instead then of one Sun and one World only in the Universe, as the
unskilful in Astronomy imagine, _that_ Science discovers to us such an
inconceivable number of Suns, Systems, and Worlds, dispersed through
boundless Space, that if our Sun, with all the Planets, Moons, and
Comets belonging to it were annihilated, they would be no more missed
out of the Creation than a grain of sand from the sea-shore. The space
they possess being comparatively so small, that it would scarce be a
sensible blank in the Universe; although Saturn, the outermost of our
planets, revolves about the Sun in an Orbit of 4884 millions of miles in
circumference, and some of our Comets make excursions upwards of ten
thousand millions of miles beyond Saturn’s Orbit; and yet, at that
amazing distance, they are incomparably nearer to the Sun than to any of
the Stars; as is evident from their keeping clear of the attractive
Power of all the Stars, and returning periodically by virtue of the
Sun’s attraction.
[Sidenote: The stellar Planets may be habitable.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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