I am not sure of that, father; for ever since you proved that the Fixed
stars were not fixed, I think I might some day find a bright friend
gone on a visit to another universe somewhere; perhaps, getting into
such agreeable society as to have no wish to come back again to our
visible universe; or, maybe, to pop back again in his place.
It so happens, James, that what you have imagined, really takes place.
Some stars do really disappear, to return, or not; and others, wholly
strangers to us, come within observation.
That is the queerest thing you have told me yet. What droll fellows
the stars are, after all! How they do wriggle about, polkaing here,
doubling there, and fielding about like boys at cricket. I shall never
be surprised at any funny trick you ascribe to them.
To begin with the _Variable stars_, of which there are known about one
hundred. There is Mira, which is invisible five months in the year. It
goes and comes again.
Where could it have got to?
Some think it revolving round a dark object; and, of course, becoming
invisible when on the other side from us. One passes through three
magnitudes in one month.
But I must give you the history of such a curious star in the Whale.
For two weeks you might see it a noble star of the second magnitude.
It gradually dims, till it goes fairly out of sight in three months.
For five weeks you see nothing of it. It then reappears. Altogether it
seems to have a revolution of 322 days; and is, therefore, one of the
_Periodical_ stars.
I should call it a variable periodical.
There is another in Cepheus, which grows to its full light in
thirty-eight hours only. There is one in the Lyre taking ninety-one
hours. Some fancy that the dark appearance may be owing to huge spots
on the suns coming into view as the suns turn round. But there is still
another sort of star--the _Temporary_.
Do they come and have a look at us in their birth, and then disappear
never to return?
I will tell you the history of one. In 1572 an astronomer saw it
shining in the daytime. He could not find it in his star catalogue at
home. Day after day it grew brighter and brighter, till it blazed far
more than either Sirius or Jupiter, and could be plainly seen in the
noontide sun. It then grew dim gradually, and in two years went away
altogether, without returning since.
That is temporary, and no mistake. But still I guess they will find him
turning up some day and becoming a regular Periodical.
There is a wonderful star, Argus, in Argo. Two hundred years ago it was
of the fourth magnitude only. In 1834, Sir John Herschel, when at the
Cape of Good Hope, found it a second magnitude. The light was three
times stronger at the end of 1837. Next month it was brighter than any
star here but Sirius. It faded awhile, and then increased, till, in
1844, it was equal to Sirius itself.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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