Astronomy with an Opera-glass: A Popular Introduction to the Study of the Starry Heavens with the Simplest of Optical InstrumentsServiss, Garrett Putman
Science
Astronomy with an Opera-glass: A Popular Introduction to the Study of the Starry Heavens with the Simplest of Optical Instruments
Serviss, Garrett Putman
Astronomy
In an hour Procyon, Capella, and the Twins will be setting, and Spica
will be well past the meridian. In another hour the observer will
perceive that the constellations are approaching the places given to
them in our map, and at midnight he will find them all in their assigned
positions. A single evening spent in observations of this sort will
teach him more about the places of the stars than he could learn from a
dozen books.
Taking, now, the largest opera-glass you can get (I have before said
that the diameter of the object-glasses should not be less than 1.5
inch, and, I may add, the larger they are the better), find the
constellation Scorpio, and its chief star Antares. The map shows you
where to look for it at midnight on the 1st of June. If you prefer to
begin at nine o'clock at that date, then, instead of looking directly in
the south for Scorpio, you must expect to see it just rising in the
southeast. You will recognize Antares by its fiery color, as well as by
the striking arrangement of its surrounding stars. There are few
constellations which bear so close a resemblance to the objects they are
named after as Scorpio. It does not require a very violent exercise of
the imagination to see in this long, winding trail of stars a gigantic
scorpion, with its head to the west, and flourishing its upraised sting
that glitters with a pair of twin stars, as if ready to strike. Readers
of the old story of Phaeton's disastrous attempt to drive the chariot of
the Sun for a day will remember it was the sight of this threatening
monster that so terrified the ambitious youth as he dashed along the
Zodiac, that he lost control of Apollo's horses, and came near burning
the earth up by running the Sun into it.
Antares rather gains in redness when viewed with a glass. Its color is
very remarkable, and it is a curious circumstance that with powerful
telescopes a small, bright-green star is seen apparently almost touching
it. Antares belongs to Secchi's third type of suns, that in which the
spectroscopic appearances suggest the existence of a powerfully
absorptive atmosphere, and which are believed on various grounds to be,
as Lockyer has said, "in the last visible stage of cooling"; in other
words, almost extinct. This great, red star probably in actual size
exceeds our sun, and no one can help feeling the sublime nature of those
studies which give us reason to think that here we can actually behold
almost the expiring throes of a giant brother of our giant sun. Only,
the lifetime of a sun is many millions of years, and its gradual
extinction, even after it has reached a stage as advanced as that of
Antares is supposed to be, may occupy a longer time than the whole
duration of the human race.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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