Astronomy with an Opera-glass: A Popular Introduction to the Study of the Starry Heavens with the Simplest of Optical InstrumentsServiss, Garrett Putman
Science
Astronomy with an Opera-glass: A Popular Introduction to the Study of the Starry Heavens with the Simplest of Optical Instruments
Serviss, Garrett Putman
Astronomy
This is clearly shown in the story of the constellations. The tremendous
truth that on a starry night we look, in every direction, into an almost
endless vista of suns beyond suns and systems upon systems, was too
overwhelming for comprehension by the inventors of the constellations.
So they amused themselves, like imaginative children, as they were, by
tracing the outlines of men and beasts formed by those pretty lights,
the stars. They turned the starry heavens into a scroll filled with
pictured stories of mythology. Four of the constellations with which we
are going to deal in this chapter are particularly interesting on this
account. They preserve in the stars, more lasting than parchment or
stone, one of the oldest and most pleasing of all the romantic stories
that have amused and inspired the minds of men--the story of Perseus and
Andromeda--a better story than any that modern novelists have invented.
The four constellations to which I refer bear the names of Andromeda,
Perseus, Cassiopeia, and Cepheus, and are sometimes called,
collectively, the Royal Family. In the autumn they occupy a conspicuous
position in the sky, forming a group that remains unrivaled until the
rising of Orion with his imperial _cortege_. The reader will find them
in Map No. 14, occupying the northeastern quarter of the heavens.
This map represents the visible heavens at about midnight on September
1st, ten o'clock P. M. on October 1st, and eight o'clock P. M. on
November 1st. At this time the constellations that were near the
meridian in summer will be found sinking in the west, Hercules being low
in the northwest, with the brilliant Lyra and the head of Draco
suspended above it; Aquila, "the eagle of the winds," soars high in the
southwest; while the Cross of Cygnus is just west of the zenith; and
Sagittarius, with its wealth of star-dust, is disappearing under the
horizon in the southwest.
Far down in the south the observer catches the gleam of a bright lone
star of the first magnitude, though not one of the largest of that
class. It is Fomalhaut, in the mouth of the Southern Fish, Piscis
Australis. A slight reddish tint will be perceived in the light of this
beautiful star, whose brilliance is enhanced by the fact that it shines
without a rival in that region of the sky. Fomalhaut is one of the
important "nautical stars," and its position was long ago carefully
computed for the benefit of mariners. The constellation of Piscis
Australis, which will be found in our second map, does not possess much
to interest us except its splendid leading star. In consulting Map 15,
the observer is supposed to be facing south, or slightly west of south,
and he must remember that the upper part of the map reaches nearly to
the zenith, while at the bottom it extends down to the horizon.
[Illustration: MAP 15.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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