Attack of Fortified Places. Including Siege-works, Mining, and Demolitions.: Prepared for the use of the Cadets of the United States Military AcademyMercur, James
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Attack of Fortified Places. Including Siege-works, Mining, and Demolitions.: Prepared for the use of the Cadets of the United States Military Academy
Mercur, James
Defensive (Military science); Military engineering; Offensive (Military science); Siege warfare
=62.= =Location.=--A magazine should be located at such
distance from the battery that its explosion will not disable the
guns, injure the parapets or traverses, or seriously endanger the
cannoneers;[5] but, on the other hand, it should be near enough to
allow the ammunition boxes to be conveniently carried to the cartridge
recesses; and the communications for this purpose should be well
covered from hostile fire. The entrance to the magazine should be so
protected that splinters cannot enter the chamber. Any natural hollows,
banks, etc., in the immediate vicinity of the battery should be taken
advantage of to facilitate the construction of and give better cover to
the magazines. When nothing of this kind exists the magazines may be
placed on the flanks or in rear of the battery, and should be masked
and screened by the parapet of the parallel, approach, communications,
or battery, or by special glacis-shaped screens made, for the purpose;
which should be much longer than the width of the magazines that they
cover, so that the discovery of the location of the latter by the enemy
may be made more difficult. The magazines should not be located in rear
of the centre of the screens nor symmetrically with reference to the
battery, nor, when it can be avoided, directly in rear of a gun. The
passages leading to them should enter the battery in rear of a flank
or a traverse, and should be so directed as to escape enfilade. They
should be so graded that the surface water will run away from the door
of the magazine and be discharged upon lower ground or received in
drainage-pits placed at the lowest points.
=63.= =Construction of a Magazine Subject to Direct Fire
Only= (Pl. VII., Figs. 73-77.)--The method of tracing the
magazine and its approaches is too evident to need description. In
this example an earth cover of 5 feet against vertical and 20 feet
against horizontal fire is given. Should more or less be desired, a
corresponding change may be made in the plan, depth of excavation, and
depth and width of approaches; and the earth for additional cover may
be obtained from a ditch or pit in rear of the magazine. The excavation
for the chamber is given a width of 6', a depth of 5' 6", and a length
of 12', the entrance a width of 3', a depth of 5' 6", and a length of
6'.
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