Auroræ: Their Characters and SpectraCapron, J. Rand
History
Auroræ: Their Characters and Spectra
Capron, J. Rand
Auroras
When the magnet was excited, the whole character of the tube changed.
The capillary stream diminished in brightness and in apparent volume,
and changed to a deep amber-yellow. The bulbs lost some of their light,
and their coarse stratification; being, in lieu, filled with a vertical
condensed stream of moderate light, in which a fine stratification only
was seen. The stream in the positive bulb had a tendency to the spiral
form. The capillary, each time the magnet was excited, “tailed over”
into the negative bulb, as in the case of N, looking as if it were
squeezed out of the capillary bore. The unexcited spectrum was found to
consist of the usual principal lines of H on a continuous glow, with the
intermediate bands and finer lines, which are usually suspected to be due
to impurity. The sodium-line was also seen. When the magnet was excited,
the spectrum grew much fainter—the continuous glow in the red and blue,
and the red and blue lines, nearly disappearing, and the line in the
green alone shining out conspicuously. No change of place in the lines
could be noticed.
[Sidenote: No. 2 H tube; effects described.]
A longer H tube (No. 2) was then tried, with similar effects, except that
the diminution in brightness was not so conspicuous. When the negative
bulb of the tube No. 1 was placed between the poles of the magnet, a
stream of light was formed, and the stratification became finer. The same
effect took place with the positive bulb, with a tendency to the spiral
form.
_Water-Gas (H₂O) tube._
[Sidenote: Water-gas (H₂O) tube; effects produced described.]
A faint purple glow was seen in each bulb, the tube not lighting-up
brightly. The capillary showed a slightly rosy-tinted, grey stream of
brighter light. With the magnet on, the glow in the bulbs was condensed
into a single bright stream. The capillary brightened up, and assumed a
yellow tint—this effect being principally confined to that portion which
was between the conical ends of the armatures, and gradually diminishing
as the distance increased from these. Without the magnet, the principal
H lines showed brightly in the spectrum, the O lines being misty and
indistinct. With the magnet on, the O lines and spectrum generally
brightened up.
_Ammonia-tube._
[Sidenote: Ammonia-tube; lighting-up described. Spectrum described.]
This tube was difficult to light up. Hardly any light was seen in
the bulbs, except a very faint purple glow at the electrodes. In the
capillary part a fairly bright stream of purple-white light appeared. The
spectrum was a faintly shown one of N and H. The effect of the magnet
was to reduce the brightness of the glow in the capillary, but with
little marked action on the bulbs, except to condense the faint glow into
a slightly bright stream running along the side of the tube.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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