Fossil fishes are important and numerous in Australian Triassic beds, especially in New South Wales. At the base of the Hawkesbury or close of the Narrabeen series, the railway ballast quarry near Gosford has yielded an extensive and extremely interesting collection. Near the floor of the quarry there is a band of sandy shale and laminated sandstone 5 feet 9 inches in thickness, and this contains the following genera:--A dipnoan, _Gosfordia_; and the following ganoids or enamelled scale fishes--_Myriolepis_, _Apateolepis_, _Dictyopyge_, _Belonorhynchus_, _Semionotus_, _Pristisomus_ (see _antea_, Fig. 18), _Cleithrolepis_ (Fig. 125), _Pholidophorus_ and ? _Peltopleurus_. =Upper Triassic Fishes.--= In the middle of the Wianamatta or Upper Trias Series at St. Peter's, near Sydney, which contains a fauna described as slightly older in aspect than that of Gosford, having Carbopermian affinities, there occur in the hard shale or clay stone the genera _Pleuracanthus_ (a Palaeozoic shark); _Sagenodus_ (a dipnoan related to _Ctenodus_ of the Victorian Carboniferous); and the following ganoids,--_Palaeoniscus_, _Elonichthys_, _Myriolepis_, _Elpisopholis_, _Platysomus_ and _Acentrophorus_. From the soft shales were obtained _Palaeoniscus_, _Semionotus_, _Cleithrolepis_ and _Pholidophorus_; an assemblage of genera somewhat comparable with the Gosford fauna. [Illustration: =Fig. 125--Cleithrolepis granulatus, Egerton.= Triassic (Hawkesbury Series). Gosford, New South Wales. 3/4 nat. size. (_After Smith Woodward_.) ] =Lower Mesozoic Fishes.--= From the Lower Mesozoic sandstone (?Triassic) of Tasmania, two species of _Acrolepis_ have been described, viz., _A. hamiltoni_ and _A. tasmanicus_. The former occurs in the thick bed of sandstone, of nearly 1,000 feet, at Knocklofty; the latter species in the sandstone with _Vertebraria_ conformably overlying the Carbopermian at Tinderbox Bay. [Illustration: =Fig. 126--REMAINS of JURASSIC and OTHER VERTEBRATES.= 1--Ceratodus avus, A. S. Woodw. Left splenial with lower tooth. Cape Paterson, Victoria. About 1/3 nat. size 2--Ceratodus forsteri, Krefft. Left lower tooth. Living. Queensland. About 1/3 nat. size 3--Phalangeal of Carnivorous Dinosaur. Cape Paterson. About 1/3 nat. size 4--Phalangeal of Megalosaurian. Wealden, Sussex, England. 1/4 nat. size ] =Jurassic Fishes.--=