The concluding play, the _Eumenides_, calls for a briefer description.
It opens with one of the most awe-inspiring scenes which the imagination
of man has conceived. The priestess of Delphi finds a man sitting as
a suppliant at the central point of the earth, his hands dripping with
blood, a sword and an olive branch in his hand. Round him is slumbering
a troop of dreadful forms, beings from darkness, the avengers. When the
scene is disclosed, Apollo himself is seen standing at Orestes' side. He
urges Hermes to convey the youth with all speed to Athens where he is to
clasp the ancient image of Athena. Immediately the ghost of Clytemnestra
arises; waking the sleeping forms, she bids them fly after their victim.
They arise and confront Apollo, a younger deity, whom they reproach for
protecting one who should be abandoned to them. Apollo replies with a
charge that they are prejudiced in favour of Clytemnestra, whom, though
a murderess, they had never tormented.
The scene rapidly changes to Athens, where Orestes calls upon Athena;
confident in the privilege of their ancient office the Chorus awaits the
issue. The goddess appears and consents to try the case, the Council
of the Areopagus acting as a jury. Apollo first defends his action
in saving Orestes, asserting that he obeys the will of Zeus. The main
question is, which of the two parents is more to be had in honour?
Athena herself had no mother; the female is merely the nurse of the
child, the father being the true generative source. The Chorus points
out that the sin of slaying a husband is not the same as that of
murdering a mother, for the one implies kinship, while the other does
not. Athena advises the Court to judge without fear or favour. When the
votes are counted, it is found that they are exactly even. The goddess
casts her vote for Orestes, who is thus saved and restored.
The Chorus threaten that ruin and sterility shall visit Athena's city;
they are elder gods, daughters of night, and are overridden by younger
deities. But Athena by the power of her persuasion offers them a full
share in all the honours and wealth of Attica if they will consent
to take up their abode in it. They shall be revered by countless
generations and will gain new dignities such as they could not have
otherwise obtained. Little by little their resentment is overcome; they
are conducted to their new home to change their name and become the
kindly goddesses of the land.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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