Aztec Ruins National Monument, New MexicoCorbett, John M. (John Maxwell)
History
Aztec Ruins National Monument, New Mexico
Corbett, John M. (John Maxwell)
Aztec Ruins National Monument (N.M.)
Although not all are open to the public because of their difficulty of
access, there are 19 rooms in the ruin which still have their original
ceilings intact. In making a ceiling, the Indians used two or more main
stringers—that is, large beams of pine or juniper—which they set into
the walls of the room at a height of 8 or 9 feet, traversing the shorter
dimension of the room. Running at right angles to the stringers, they
placed cottonwood poles or splints of juniper, and, over these, reeds,
rushes, or woven matting. Upon this they put adobe mud which was well
packed to make a firm roof, or, if there was to be another room above
it, a stout floor.
Since the entire ruin has not been excavated, it is possible there may
be more rooms with ceilings intact, or others in which, although the
ceilings have collapsed, the first-floor walls and part of the second
remain. As far as we can tell from the excavated rooms and from the
surface evidence, there are 221 first-story rooms. There are intact
portions of 119 second-story rooms and at least 12 third-story rooms.
When originally inhabited, there were many more than the 352 rooms that
we can count today. Generally, access from one room to another was by
doorways that led from the back or side portions of the pueblo out
toward the central plaza. However, several rooms also had lateral
doorways, many of which had at one time been sealed up, either by the
first inhabitants or by the second group. When burials were made in a
room, it must have been necessary to seal all the doorways, unless the
bodies were placed in subfloor pits or covered with dirt or debris.
Among the second-story rooms in the northeastern section are four
special doorways, each placed in the corner of a room so that it
connects with the adjoining diagonal room. As far as we know, corner
doorways occur only in second-story rooms, with the possible exception
of the double doorway mentioned below. One corner doorway leads into a
room that had four normal doorways, one in each side. We do not know if
this room had a special function, but it was the most accessible in the
entire pueblo.
[Illustration: Section of wall at Aztec Ruins showing sealed door at
left.]
One corner doorway is possibly unique in the entire Southwest; beneath
it is a second and much smaller one which led from the second-floor
level into a first-floor room which could be entered only by this means.
Although there is a step arrangement in this lower doorway, it is so
small and its roof is so low that it must have been a matter of crawling
rather than walking through it. This doorway enters the lower room so
high in the wall that it would also have been necessary to have a ladder
inside the room to enter or leave it.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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