Babylonians and Assyrians : $b Life and customs — John Shaqi
Babylonians and Assyrians : $b Life and customsSayce, A. H. (Archibald Henry)
History
Babylonians and Assyrians : $b Life and customs
Sayce, A. H. (Archibald Henry)
Assyria -- Social life and customs; Babylonia -- Social life and customs
In fact, wherever Babylonian culture and law extended, the principles and
practice of it were necessarily in force. The Amorite colonies from Canaan
established in Babylonia for the purposes of trade in the age of Abraham
were naturally subject to the Babylonian laws, and the women among them
possessed all the rights of their Babylonian neighbors. At the very
beginning of the dynasty to which Khammurabi belonged, an Amorite lady, a
certain Kuryatum, brought an action for the recovery of a field which had
been the property of her father, Asalia, and won her suit. Kuryatum and
her brother were themselves subsequently sued by three other “Amorites,”
the children of Izi-idrê, one of whom was a woman, for a field and house,
together with some slaves and palm-trees, of which, it was asserted, they
had wrongfully taken possession. The judges, however, after hearing both
sides, dismissed the case.
It is not strange that the same laws and principles should have held good
in Canaan itself, which was so long a Babylonian province. Sarah, who was
of Babylonian origin, owned a female slave (Gen. xvi. 2, 6, 8, 9), and the
Kennizzite Caleb assigned a field with springs to his daughter Achsah in
the early days of the invasion of Canaan (Josh. xv. 18, 19). A Canaanitish
lady takes part in the Tel-el-Amarna correspondence, and writes to the
Pharaoh on matters of state, while the Mosaic Law allowed the daughter to
inherit the possessions of her father (Numb. xxxvi. 8). This, however, was
only the case where there was no son; after the Israelitish conquest of
Canaan, when the traditions of Babylonian custom had passed away, we hear
no more of brothers and sisters sharing together the inheritance of their
father, or of a wife bequeathing anything which belongs to her of right.
As regards the woman, the law of Israel, after the settlement in Canaan,
was the moral law of the Semitic tribes. We must go back to the age of
Abraham and Sarah to find a Hebrew woman possessed of the same powers as
the Babylonian lady who, in the fifth year of Cambyses, sold a slave for
two manehs and five shekels of silver, her husband and mother guaranteeing
the value of the chattel that was thus sold.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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