The Bantu race comprises one great family extending over all Central and South Africa, South of a line drawn roughly from the Kamerun to the Pokomo River, but excluding the South West corner—Great Namaqualand and Western Cape Colony—which from time immemorial has been occupied by Hottentots. Although strictly speaking the term “Bantu” is philological, and this classification based on linguistic grounds, and although the different tribes it embraces show largely but in varying degrees that they result from a mixture with oriental or negro blood, yet the similarity of speech, custom and religion, warrant our treating them collectively as one homogenous ethnological group. It is now a generally received opinion that the Bantu originally emanated from a region in the Congo basin, probably north of that river where it receives the tributary Mubangi, and that the Europeans first met the Kaffirs as the vanguard of this invading army when their long march southward to the furthest extremity of the Continent was nearly completed. The Ova Herero when burying their dead place the corpse with the face turned towards the north “to remind them whence they originally came,” and the bodies of the Bechuana are made to face in the same direction. No such custom is recorded among the Zulu or Kaffir but we have other evidence that the exodus southward of the tribes who fled before the devastation of Tshaka was but the continuance of a migration from a more northerly region. The testimony of the Arabian geographer of the tenth century El Masudi shows that what we now call the Kaffir tribes had not at that time advanced south of Zanzibar, the country of Zenj as it was then called. In the sixteenth century shipwrecked mariners from Portuguese vessels thrown on the inhospitable coasts stretching from Cape Agulhas to Delagoa Bay found Kaffirs as far south and west as the Umtata River, but no further. At the end of the seventeenth century however they were found by the Dutch beyond the Great Fish River intermarrying with the Hottentots. The Ova Herero and Ovampo probably represent other branches of Bantu who took a more westerly direction, and the Bechuana formed, it is likely, a more recent wave of invasion, in its turn moving southward but by a more central route.