Whatever the cradle of their race, the Kaffirs are now located in the region situated between the Great Fish River, the Kathlamba or Drakensberg mountains and their outlying spurs and subsiding ranges; the northern boundaries of the Portuguese settlements around Delagoa Bay, and the Indian Ocean. Those tribes most intimately connected with the history of the Cape still occupy territory partly within the bounds of the Colony proper—the divisions of Queenstown, Woodhouse Glen Grey, Cathcart, Stutterheim, Komgha, King Williams Town, East London, Peddie, Victoria East and Fort Beaufort—and partly in the region lying between the North Eastern Frontier, Basutoland, Natal and the Ocean and known as the Transkeian territories of Tembuland, Pondoland and East Griqualand. They are named as follows: Aba-Tembus ama-Mpondo, ama-Mpondumise, ama-Ntinde, ama-Ngqika, (Gaika), ama-Ndhlambe and ama-Gcaleka. The three last spring from one large tribe, the ama-Rarabe, and comprise with the ama-Ntinde the “fighting ama-Xosa” of the Kaffir Wars. These are the tribes to which Dr. Hewat’s researches more particularly refer. Their chiefs trace back their origin to the common ancestor Zwide who lived about Cromwell’s time, perhaps earlier. There are a few isolated and comparatively insignificant classes who have separated through feuds and quarrels from the main tribes, or have mingled with the Hottentots by inter-marriage, such as the ama-Qate (or ama-Xesibe), ama-Baca, and ama-Gqunuk­webe; and we must not omit to mention the ama-Bele, ama-Zizi, and aba-Mbo classes who were formerly large tribes occupying at one time Natal and perhaps Zululand and from whom are derived the Fingoes of the Cape Colony—also referred to by Dr. Hewat—the Natal Kaffirs, the Zulus, and the Matabele of Rhodesia. The aba-Xosa and aba-Tembu tribes with whom we first came into contact, the pioneers of the Kaffir advance southward are supposed to show least modified and developed the distinguishing characteristics of their race. Their lighter colour argues a slight admixture of Hottentot blood and their intercourse with this race was doubtless considerable. From it they have borrowed the clicks which distinguish their speech from other Bantu dialects. In other respects their language is archaic and free from phonetic decay compared with that of other tribes such as the Swahili. Their pursuits were exclusively those of the hunter and herdsman, war and hunting were their pastimes, cattle tending and cattle rearing the serious business of their lives. Indeed cattle mainly constituted their wealth and everything connected therewith was deemed of the highest importance. Herding and milking were privileged labours jealously confined to the men, who also took much pride in training oxen for racing purposes. It is not surprising to find therefore that their skill as veterinary surgeons was considerable and quite equal to that which Dr. Hewat has shown they possess as medical practitioners and surgeons.