In November, 1842, Barnum stopped one night at the Franklin Hotel
in Bridgeport, Connecticut, which was kept by his brother, Philo F.
Barnum. His brother mentioned that there was a dwarf in Bridgeport,
who played daily in the streets, and was accepted by the rest of the
population as a natural curiosity. Barnum asked his brother to bring
the child to the Franklin Hotel, and as soon as he saw this dwarf he
realized that here was a natural curiosity who could be transformed
by instruction and publicity into a unique and profitable one. The
child was the smallest Barnum had ever seen, and was in excellent
health, without any deformities. He was two feet, one inch in height
and weighed fifteen pounds. His hair was flaxen, and his eyes dark;
his cheeks were pink and his whole appearance gave the impression of
health, symmetry, and whimsical charm on a lovely, diminutive scale.
He was very bashful, and Barnum only learned after difficulty that his
name was Charles S. Stratton, and that he was five years old. Barnum
visited Mr. and Mrs. Sherwood E. Stratton, the child’s parents, and
after some persuasion they consented to exhibit their son at Barnum’s
Museum for three dollars per week and board for himself and his mother.
Barnum hired him for four weeks only, because at the time he was
doubtful whether a five-year-old child who was only two feet in height
might not grow before long to a normality that would make him mediocre.
The dwarf and his mother arrived in New York on Thanksgiving Day, 1842,
and Barnum had something to be thankful for that day. Mrs. Stratton
was astonished and somewhat annoyed when she noticed that her son was
announced in large handbills as “General Tom Thumb, a dwarf eleven
years of age, just arrived from England.” The “just arrived from
England” was the first instance of a method Barnum often repeated.
He realized early in his career the love of the American mind for an
importation, and he never advertised anything as domestic if he could
possibly deceive his patrons into believing that he had incurred much
trouble and expense by importing it from abroad, where its popularity
was always stupendous. He hoped, patriotically, in his autobiography
that such deception might check “our disgraceful preference for
foreigners.”
Barnum made his dwarf eleven years old for fear that the public might
not believe that a child five years old would not grow beyond his
present height. In the various pamphlets concerning the life of General
Tom Thumb, which were sold at his exhibitions, it is recorded that when
he was born he weighed nine pounds, two ounces, more than the average
weight of a new-born baby, and that at five months he had ceased to
grow and weighed only fifteen pounds. His weight of fifteen pounds and
his height of two feet, one inch, were said to have remained unchanged
from the age of five months until the age of five years and for many
years thereafter.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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