_Paullo majora canamus_. The time is come when countries, as such, need to be educated no less really than smaller bodies and isolated individuals. Countries are brought now almost into as close contact with one another as individual members of the same commonwealth; and the identical principle that inculcates the education of individuals—that, namely, of mutual self-defence and reciprocal advantage—applies to the aggregation of individuals in a nation. The times of ignorance picture to us man as a savage, a terror to his neighbours, and everywhere an object of rightful destruction. Education became a necessity, if he would be safe from violence, or reap advantage from the society of his fellow. The picture presented by the history of nations in relation to one another is substantially the same. There has been little improvement in this respect yet visible. Nor has the necessity for it seemed urgent, while the nations were separated by the natural obstacles of their position, and their means of mutual annoyance in a corresponding degree circumscribed. Science has now removed these obstacles, and the nations are brought into immediate contiguity and contact, while their means of mutual annoyance have been enormously and frightfully multiplied. Startling it is to think of the growing power of nations for evil, and inflicting evil upon one another, in the present temper and _morale_ of the nations. Surely we may say the time has come for providing a remedy appropriate to so fearful a crisis. There is none that occurs to us so sure as a system of instruction that recognizes as its basis a _sanctity_ in the relations of state with state, and lodges deep in the consciences of the several people those great principles of justice, truth, and benevolence, in which God has indissolubly bound up all human happiness, whether of nations or of individuals. Unhappily there is so much to unlearn on the subject of the relative duties of nations to one another before this good work can be proceeded in. The sacred records have not been supposed to furnish any lessons on this branch of human duty, and none have been sought for. But— “In them is plainest taught and easiest learn’d What makes a Nation happy, and keeps it so.” PARADISE REGAINED.