Birds and All Nature, Vol. 4, No. 4, October 1898: Illustrated by Color PhotographyVarious
History
Birds and All Nature, Vol. 4, No. 4, October 1898: Illustrated by Color Photography
Various
Birds -- Periodicals; Natural history -- Periodicals
Why they migrate is not known but evidence enough has been brought in
by eye witnesses to prove that this does occur. One flight seen in
Switzerland lasted for two hours, the continuous stream of insects
being ten or fifteen feet wide and made up of the species called the
Painted Lady. Similar companies have been seen at sea, as Mr. Darwin
bears witness, also before and after tornadoes in certain places. In
Ceylon a gentlemen drove through a cloud of white Butterflies for nine
miles. But very interesting to us, is a great migration recorded to
have been seen in our own country, in Massachusetts, about Oct. 1,
1876. These are strange stories, but really hardly more strange than
other facts about these little animals, graceful and beautiful in form
and motion, whose very presence adds greatly to the charm of mother
Nature.
Such quantities of eggs are laid by the Butterflies that if certain
animals did not contend against them, man would not be able to
withstand the ravages of the Caterpillar. Man has one powerful ally
in the birds which devour enormous quantities of these eggs, but a
still more powerful ally is the Ichneumon Fly. This little insect is
a parasite through its grub state and chooses as its host either the
egg of the Butterfly or the Caterpillar. The full grown Fly lays its
egg by means of an ovipositor, a sharp, hollow instrument with which
it can pierce the skin or shell of its victim. The eggs of the fly
hatch and the grubs feed upon the Caterpillar, but usually do not touch
upon its vital parts until it is full grown, then they devour them and
within the skin of their former host form their own cocoons. Sometimes
they wait until the Caterpillar assumes its Chrysalis state before
they finish their dread work, then much to the surprise of interested
beholders, a little cluster of flies appears at the breaking of the
cocoon, and no beautiful Butterfly.
Some of these brightly colored little messengers of gladness live
through the winter. Usually they pass this trying period wrapped warmly
in the cocoon or nestled under some leaf, still a Chrysalis; but a few
species weather the cold and the snow and, shut up in some hollow tree
or some empty shed, sleep away the happy days of Jack Frost and Santa
Claus and are ready to awake with the spring, when they are not abashed
in their bedraggled garments to appear among their brothers, who come
forth brightly clad, fresh from the soft, warm resting place of the
cocoon.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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