Birds and Nature, Vol. 12 No. 1 [June 1902]: Illustrated by Color Photography — John Shaqi
Birds and Nature, Vol. 12 No. 1 [June 1902]: Illustrated by Color PhotographyVarious
History
Birds and Nature, Vol. 12 No. 1 [June 1902]: Illustrated by Color Photography
Various
Birds -- Periodicals; Natural history -- Periodicals
One of the largest and handsomest of the starfishes is the Giant
Mountain Starfish (Oreaster reticulatus), so common in the waters of the
Bahama Islands. This species attains a diameter of fifteen or sixteen
inches and is very high in the center. Its upper surface is reticulated
by the crossing of the hard parts of the skeleton, and beautiful
ornaments may be made by removing the softer parts and leaving only the
skeleton, which forms a peculiarly latticed framework. This species is
found on both sides of the Atlantic ocean; it is a common starfish in
the West Indies, inhabits the coast of the United States from Florida to
South Carolina and is abundant on the shores of the Cape Verde Islands.
The most common starfish of the Pacific coast is the Ochre-colored
Starfish (Asterias ochracea), which ranges from Sitka, Alaska, to San
Diego, California, the last mentioned locality being one of the best. It
is a large species, frequently attaining a diameter from tip to tip of
the arms of sixteen inches. When alive it is of a rich ochre color or
brown, and the surface is beautifully reticulated by numerous
club-shaped spines arranged in rows. This species is as much an enemy to
the oysters of the Pacific coast as is the common five-finger to those
of the Atlantic coast.
Another common starfish of the coast of California is the Vermilion
Starfish, which may be collected by thousands at San Diego and Monterey.
The body is very broad and the rays short and wide. It is in shape quite
suggestive of the foot of a pelican or duck. The upper surface is beset
with small, heavy spines, which are arranged in little festoons on the
five rays. Its name is very appropriate, for it is of a rich vermilion
color, varying from this to rose, yellowish or purple.
A starfish of peculiar design and startling aspect is the Armed Starfish
(Nidorella armata), which is an inhabitant of the warm waters of the
Isthmus of Panama. It is like a star in form, the rays being short and
wide. The edge is bordered by large, squarish plates and the upper
surface is marked by many little holes, giving it the aspect of a fine
sieve. But the most peculiar ornamentation and the character from which
the species derives its name is the row of long, cornucopia-shaped
spines which extend along the center of each ray from the tip to the
center of each disk. Besides this regular row of spines there are
several projecting from the surface of the starfish between the rays.
Taken as a whole, the dorsal surface is not unlike a miniature African
shield.
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