Bodily changes in pain, hunger, fear, and rage : $b an account of recent researches into the function of emotional excitementCannon, Walter B. (Walter Bradford)
Science
Bodily changes in pain, hunger, fear, and rage : $b an account of recent researches into the function of emotional excitement
Cannon, Walter B. (Walter Bradford)
Emotions; Mental health; Mind and body
In this case the coagulation time remained at its usual level for
about 20 minutes after the subcutaneous injection.[*] Thereafter
for about an hour the coagulation time averaged 45 per cent of
its previous duration. And widely separated tests made during the
following hour indicated that approximately the initial rate of
clotting had been regained.
*[Footnote: This period is longer than is expected after the
subcutaneous injection of any drug. As will be shown later,
_strong_ doses of adrenin, if injected rapidly, may not at first
shorten the clotting process. Probably in some instances of
subcutaneous injection of these strong doses, the drug enters
the circulation more rapidly than in others and in consequence
coagulation is not at first accelerated.]
The rather long period (nearly 30 minutes), in the case just cited,
between the injection and the first appearance of rapid clotting was
not the rule. As the following figures show, the coagulation time
may become shortened quite promptly after subcutaneous injection.
Oct. 29. 3.30--5.5 minutes
.36--5.5 “
.44 Adrenin, 3 cubic centimeters, 1:1,000,
injected subcutaneously.
.46--5.5 minutes
.53--4 “
4.01--3.5 “
.08--3.5 “
.16--4.5 “
.23--5 “
.30--5.5 “
In this case nine minutes after the injection the change in the
rate of clotting had begun, and it continued more rapid for the
subsequent half-hour.
We did not attempt to find the minimal _subcutaneous_ dose which
would shorten clotting. A dose of 0.01 milligram per kilo, however,
has proved effective, as shown by the following figures:
Feb. 3. 11.34--10 minutes
.45-- 9 “
.50 to .52 Adrenin, 2.8 cubic centimeters, 1:100,000,
injected under skin of groin in cat weighing
2.8 kilos.
.55--10 minutes
12.06-- 7 “
.14-- 4 “
.19-- 5.5 “
.31-- 6 “
.37-- 7 “
.45-- 9 “
As will be shown later, the dose in this instance was ten times
the minimal effective _intravenous_ dose. On the basis of these
figures, less than a milligram of adrenin given subcutaneously
would be necessary to shorten clotting to a marked degree in a man
of average weight (70 kilograms).
Not many observations were made by us on the effects of adrenin
administered subcutaneously. The amount reaching the vascular
system and the rate of its entrance into the blood could be so much
more accurately controlled by intravenous than by subcutaneous
introduction that most of our attention was devoted to the latter
method.
The Effects of Intravenous Injections
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account