Border guard : $b The story of the United States Customs Service — John Shaqi
Border guard : $b The story of the United States Customs ServiceWhitehead, Don
History
Border guard : $b The story of the United States Customs Service
Whitehead, Don
Customs administration -- United States; Smuggling -- United States; United States. Bureau of Customs; United States. Division of Customs
Armed with the Mitchill letter and dressed in the finest of silks and
brocades, Punqua Wingchong journeyed to Washington and no doubt created
a stir of excitement throughout the city, where visitors from the
Orient were not a common sight. Unfortunately, or perhaps otherwise,
Wingchong and his companion, Mr. Palmer, found they could not deliver
the letter to the President in person. Mr. Jefferson had left the city
for a rest at Monticello.
The Mitchill letter was then forwarded to Monticello along with a note
signed by Punqua Wingchong “praying permission to depart” from the
United States with his retinue and his belongings in a vessel of his
own choosing.
President Jefferson was moved by Wingchong’s appeal. Not only did he
feel sympathy, but he felt the situation presented an opportunity to
establish better relations between his government and the rulers of
China, which was becoming an increasingly important customer in foreign
commerce. On July 25, the President wrote to Secretary of the Treasury
Albert Gallatin saying:
Dear Sir:
... Punqua Wingchong, the Chinese Mandarin, has, I believe, his
headquarters at New York, and therefore his case is probably known
to you. He came to Washington just as I had left it and therefore
wrote to me praying permission to depart for his own country with
his property in a vessel to be engaged by himself.... I consider
it as a case of national comity, and coming within the views of
the first section of the first Embargo Act. The departure of this
individual with good disposition may be the means of our making
our nation known advantageously as a source of power in China to
which it is otherwise difficult to convey information. It may be
a sensible advantage to our merchants in that country. I cannot
therefore but consider that a chance of obtaining a permanent
national good should outweigh the effect of a single case taken out
of the great field of the embargo. The case too is so singular that
it can lead to no embarrassment as a precedent....
(signed) Th. Jefferson.
Gallatin detected an odor of intrigue in the situation because
Wingchong requested permission to make the trip to China in the
_Beaver_, a “full-bottomed ship of 427 tons with a capacity for 1,100
tons of cargo,” and the _Beaver_ had been constructed especially for
John Jacob Astor. Gallatin was well aware of the fact that scarcely a
month had passed since Astor had been denied permission for a Canton
voyage. But Jefferson had issued his instructions and Gallatin was a
loyal lieutenant.
On August 3, 1808, Gallatin wrote to David Gelston, Collector of
Customs in New York City, ordering him to make an exception and lift
the embargo. His letter said in part:
Sir,
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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