The State of Minas Geraes has made repeated efforts to encourage immigration and spent large sums upon propaganda and the establishment of _nucleos_. She has under supervision sixteen state colonies, with a total population of 26,000 persons, agricultural production from the lands under cultivation amounting in 1915 to the value of 3,155 contos of reis. There are also within the state borders two Federal colonies, one of which, João Pinheiro, has freed itself from indebtedness and is on the way to become an important agricultural and stock-raising centre; these two _nucleos_ contain over two thousand persons. In Rio Grande do Sul colonization has been seriously checked since 1913, but there are two important centres under State control which call for mention: one is the Guarany _nucleo_, in existence for a quarter of a century but counting only 25,000 inhabitants because it is off the line of communication with state markets; its position is strikingly contrasted with the Erechim colony, six years old, planted on the Rio Grande-S. Paulo railway line when the latter was opened to traffic, and which today has over 30,000 population grouped in six or seven bright little villages. In 1915, when entries from abroad were checked on account of the war in Europe there were still immigrants from Portugal to the number of 15,000, 6,000 Italians, nearly as many Spanish, 600 Russians and 500 “Turco-Arabs:” also some two thousand Brazilians were moved from the “scourged” districts of the rainless north and sent south. From 1820 to the end of 1919 the number of immigrants entering Brazil has been as follows:— Italians 1,378,876 Portuguese 1,021,271 Spaniards 500,378 Germans 127,321 Russians 105,225 Austrians 79,302 Turk-Arabs 54,120 French 29,665 British 28,798 Japanese 18,402 Swiss 11,376 Swedes 5,502 Belgians 5,289 In addition, official lists give another 200,000 of “diversas” nationalities and a margin must also be allowed for persons who did not enter as immigrants.