British Campaigns in Flanders 1690-1794: Being Extracts from "A History of the British Army"Fortescue, J. W. (John William), Sir
History
British Campaigns in Flanders 1690-1794: Being Extracts from "A History of the British Army"
Fortescue, J. W. (John William), Sir
Flanders -- History, Military; Great Britain -- History, Military -- 18th century
The news of this abortive expedition reached London on the 13th of
August; and shortly afterwards came a letter from a gentleman in Tobago,
warning the Government that French emissaries were busy all over the
West Indies, and that there was great danger of a general rising of the
negroes for the expulsion of the white proprietors from all the
islands.[163] Here was information important enough to make Pitt think
twice before he pursued his policy of cutting off the financial
resources of the Revolution by ruining French West Indian trade, to say
nothing of the fact that the said trade was already practically ruined
by civil war in the French islands. There were other weak points in the
French armour besides the West Indies, so many indeed that Ministers
might be excused for finding it difficult to determine which of them
they should assail. ◆Aug. 29.◆ The only method of overcoming that
difficulty was that they should clearly define to themselves their
object in making war.
First then, there was the counter-revolution in the south of France;
where Lyons still defied the forces of the Convention, and where it was
hoped that Sardinia, in return for the two hundred thousand pounds given
her by the recent treaty, would intervene effectively, with Austria at
her side. Next,[164] from this same quarter there came the very
important but unexpected news that commissioners from Toulon, after some
parley with Lord Hood, had agreed to declare for the Monarchy and the
Constitution of 1791, and to give up to him the shipping, forts and
arsenal, to be held in trust for King Lewis the Seventeenth until the
end of the war. In return for this, however, they made the natural but
very significant request that troops should be landed for their
protection. Here, therefore, was the Government committed, though by no
act of its own, to serious operations by land on the side of the
Mediterranean. The responsibility assumed by Hood was very grave; and
for a time he hesitated to incur it. “At present,” he wrote, two days
after issuing his public reply to the offers of the commissioners, “I
have not troops sufficient to defend the works. Had I five or six
thousand good troops I should soon end the war.”[165] He therefore
anchored at Hyères and, mindful of the British alliances with the
Mediterranean powers, wrote to the British Ambassador at Naples for such
forces as could be spared, at the same time asking help of the Spanish
Admiral, Don Juan de Langara, who was lying with his squadron off the
coast of Roussillon. ◆Aug. 28.◆ Before, however, these reinforcements
could arrive, he was so far satisfied by the assurances of the French
that he sailed into Toulon harbour and, landing fifteen hundred marines
and soldiers who were acting as such, occupied the principal forts that
defended the outer harbour. While thus engaged he was joined by Langara
with the greater part of his squadron, who announced that he had one
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