British Manufacturing Industries: Pottery, Glass and Silicates, Furniture and Woodwork.Arnoux, Léon
History
British Manufacturing Industries: Pottery, Glass and Silicates, Furniture and Woodwork.
Arnoux, Léon
Manufacturing industries -- Great Britain
pretty process and interesting to witness. Besides the flooring tiles,
there are many other sorts made for lining walls and fireplaces,
varying considerably in style and material. There are two very
extensive and perfected tile works at Stoke, viz. those belonging to
Mr. Hollins and the Campbell Brick and Tile Company, in both of which
all sorts of flooring and wall tiles are made. In the second, recently
built, Mr. Colin Minton Campbell, the proprietor, has introduced new
arrangements and contrivances in almost every department; all
operations being performed on the ground floor, and in such manner
that the goods shall travel the shortest possible distance from the
moment they are begun to that of their completion. He has been the
first to use Maw's patent steam presses for plain tiles, each of which
can make twelve thousand tiles weekly, requiring only the assistance
of a single person, to remove the tiles as they come out from the
mould. It is by the intelligent use of these mechanical processes,
that we may expect a reduction in the price of such a useful article.
The firm of Mintons still continue to make their plain white printed
and artistic tiles, along with their patent process for painting on
mosaics. The Broseley Works, in Shropshire, belonging to Messrs. Maw
and Co., have also a great name, and carry on an extensive business in
tile making. Next are those of Messrs. Edge and Malkin, of Burslem.
Messrs. Simpson, of London, are well known for their wall decorations
in tiles painted by hand, and Messrs. Copeland, of Stoke, for their
painted slabs.
The various porcelain biscuits known under the name of Parian or
statuary biscuits, are specially used for statuettes, busts, and other
articles for which it is desirable to get the appearance of white
marble. This is a kind of hard porcelain made from a mixture of kaolin
and felspar, in which the degree of hardness or fusibility is
regulated by the proportion of one material towards the other. Of
course, similar biscuits may be made by more complicated receipts, but
the principle is always the same, viz. the taking advantage of the
fusibility of felspar or Cornish stone, to secure the required amount
of transparency. The light being allowed to penetrate to some depth
below the surface, imparts to these biscuits a softness which is
wanting in the similar productions of SA"vres, Germany, and Denmark.
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