4. As an introduction to the history of Buddhism two elementary books, attempting to cover the whole field in a rather sketchy way, are Saunders' _The Story of Buddhism_ (London: Oxford University Press. 4s., 6d. 1916) and Hackmann's _Buddhism as a Religion_ (London: Probsthain. 15s. 1910). 5. Whether the student is going to work in lands devoted to the primitive type of Buddhism, such as Ceylon, Siam, and Burma, or in those in which a highly developed Buddhism prevails, such as Japan, China, and Korea, he ought to have a grasp of the essential differences between the two types of Buddhism known as _Hinayāna_ and _Mahāyāna_; for an evolution must be read backwards as well as forwards, and the missionary will look forward to spending a holiday in one of the other Buddhist lands. If, for instance, his lot is cast in Burma, he ought to plan to go on a visit to Japan or to China, and _vice versâ_. To get a grasp of the highly developed Mahāyāna he should study especially the famous _Lotus of the Good Law_ translated in vol. xxi of the Sacred Books of the East (Oxford: Clarendon Press. 15s. 6d.) and should carefully compare this with the _Dhammapada_. He will find that even in the conservative Buddhism of Ceylon and Burma there are Mahāyāna tendencies, and that everywhere Gautama Buddha has become in practice more than a moral teacher and is related, in the minds of the people, to an eternal order making for righteousness. In this and in other ways which the student will study for himself, _e.g._ in the idea of a sacrificial life-process culminating in the historical life of Sākyamuni and in the practice of prayer by all Buddhists, he will find a wonderful preparation for the gospel of Christ. I would suggest that he take as his guiding light this saying of a great Buddhist scholar of Japan, "We see your Christ, because we have first seen our Buddha." The task of the missionary will be to relate Christianity to this great preparation that has been made for it and to think out with Eastern scholars the thought bases of a truly Eastern Christianity which shall seem to these Asiatic nations to come with all the authority of their own past behind it, and with all the glamour of a knowledge that the God who has been working with and for them in the past is now bringing them out into a larger and freer life. Only so can they be won for Christ. [24] Reprinted by kind permission of the editors and publisher from "An Introduction to Missionary Service," Ed. by G. A. Gollock and E. G. K. Hewat, Oxford University Press. 1921, 3s. 6d. net. I The following course of reading--drawn up for Secretaries of the Y.M.C.A. in the East by Dr. J. N. Farquhar and the writer--is recommended to those whose leisure is scant: _First Year_. General: Rhys Davids, _Buddhism, Life and Teachings of Gautama, the Buddha_ (London: S.P.C.K. 3s. 6d.); V. Smith, _Asoka_ (Oxford: Clarendon Press. 4s. New edition, 1920).