Buffon's Natural History. Volume 10 (of 10): Containing a Theory of the Earth, a General History of Man, of the Brute Creation, and of Vegetables, Minerals, &c. &c — John Shaqi
Buffon's Natural History. Volume 10 (of 10): Containing a Theory of the Earth, a General History of Man, of the Brute Creation, and of Vegetables, Minerals, &c. &cBuffon, Georges Louis Leclerc, comte de
History
Buffon's Natural History. Volume 10 (of 10): Containing a Theory of the Earth, a General History of Man, of the Brute Creation, and of Vegetables, Minerals, &c. &c
Buffon, Georges Louis Leclerc, comte de
Natural history
Minerals, which like sulphur and pyrites, contain in their substance
a quantity of the ulterior waste of animals and vegetables, contain
thence combustible matters, which, like all other, contain more or less
fixed air, but always much less than the purely animal or vegetable
substances. This fixed air can be equally removed by combustion. In
animal and vegetable matters it is disengaged by simple fermentation,
which, like combustion, has always need of air for its operation.
Sulphurs and pyrites are not the only minerals Which must be looked
upon as combustible, there are many others which I shall not here
enumerate, because it is sufficient to remark, their degree of
combustion depends commonly on the quantity of sulphur which they
contain. All combustible minerals originally derive this property
either from the mixture of animal or vegetable parts which are
incorporated with them, or from the particles of light, heat, and air,
which, by the lapse of time, are fixed in their internal part. Nothing,
according to my opinion, is combustible but that which has been formed
by a gentle heat, that is, by these same elements combined in all the
substances which the sun brightens and vivifies, or in that which the
internal heat of the earth foments and unites.
The internal heat of the globe of the earth must be regarded as the
true elementary fire; it is always subsisting and constant; it enters,
like an element, into all the combinations of the other elements, and
is more than sufficient to produce the same effects on air as actual
fire on animal heat; consequently this internal heat of the earth
will destroy the elasticity of the air, and render it fixed, which
being divided into minute parts will enter into a great number of
substances, from hence they will contain articles of fixed air and
fire, which are the first principles of combustibility; but they will
be found in different quantities, according to their degree of affinity
with the substance, and this degree will greatly depend on the quantity
these substances contain of animal and vegetable parts, which appear to
be the base of all combustible matter. Most metallic minerals, and even
metals, contain great quantities of combustible parts; zinc, antimony,
iron, copper, &c. burn and produce a very brisk flame, as long as the
combustion of these inflammable parts remains, after which, if the fire
be continued, the calcination begins, during which there enters into
them new parts of air and heat, which fixes, and cannot be disengaged
but by presenting to them combustible matters, with which they have a
greater affinity than with those of the mineral, with which they are
only united by the effort of calcination. It appears to me, that the
conversion of metallic substances into dross, and their reproduction,
might be very clearly understood without applying to secondary
principles, or arbitrary hypotheses, for their explanation.
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