Produced by Bruce Albrecht, Jacqueline Jeremy and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net BULGARIA _Uniform with this Volume_ AUSTRIA-HUNGARY ENGLAND FRANCE ITALY SWITZERLAND A. AND C. BLACK, LTD., 4 SOHO SQUARE, LONDON, W. [Illustration: A YOUNG SHOP MAN OF THE DISTRICT OF SOFIA _Frontispiece_] BULGARIA BY FRANK FOX AUTHOR OF "ENGLAND," "ITALY," AND "SWITZERLAND" WITH 32 FULL-PAGE ILLUSTRATIONS IN COLOUR LONDON A. AND C. BLACK, LIMITED 1915 CONTENTS CHAPTER I Page BY WAY OF INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER II BULGARIA AND THE DEATH OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE 15 CHAPTER III THE SCRAP-HEAP OF RACES 36 CHAPTER IV BULGARIA--A POWER AND A TURKISH PROVINCE 52 CHAPTER V THE LIBERATION OF BULGARIA 65 CHAPTER VI THE WAR OF 1912-1913 77 CHAPTER VII A WAR CORRESPONDENT'S TRIALS IN BULGARIA 99 CHAPTER VIII INCIDENTS OF BULGARIAN CHARACTER 120 CHAPTER IX THE TRAGEDY OF 1914 134 CHAPTER X SOME FACTS FOR THE TOURIST AND THE ECONOMIST 150 CHAPTER XI HOW BULGARIA IS GOVERNED 167 CHAPTER XII THE FUTURE OF BULGARIA 174 CHAPTER XIII THE RESPONSIBILITY OF EUROPE 187 INDEX 207 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS By JAN V. MRKVITCHKA and NOEL POCOCK* 1. A Young Shop Man of the District of Sofia _Frontispiece_ FACING PAGE 2. A Contented Turk 8 3. A Peasant at Work--District of Tsaribrod 17 4. Women of Pordim, in the Plevna District 19 5. In the Harvest Fields near Sofia 22 6. A Shop Woman of the District of Sofia 24 7. A Woman of Thrace, of the Shop Tribe, and of Macedonia 33 8. *Sistov, on the Danube 40 9. Ancient Costume of Balkan Peasant Women near Gabrovo 49 10. A Wedding in the Rhodopes 56 11. *Roustchouk, on the Danube 65 12. "Mystery"--a Study in the Roustchouk District 67 13. A Blind Beggar Woman 70 14. A Young Married Shop Woman 72