Furthermore, there are statements which imply the absence of water in the Moat during a siege. Pusculus, for instance, giving a minute account of the measures adopted in 1453 to place the city in a state of defence, refers to the deepening of the Moat, but says nothing about water in it. “Fossaque cavant, atque aggere terræ educto, muros forti munimine cingunt.”[208] If water had been introduced into the Moat on this occasion, Pusculus could hardly have ignored the fact. Again, in the Slavic account of the last siege of the city we are informed that the Greeks opened mines through the counterscarp of the Moat, to blow up the Turks who approached the fortifications: “Les assiégés pendant le jour combattaient les Turcs, et pendant la nuit descendaient dans les fossés, perçaient les murailles du fossé du côté des champs, minaient la terre sous le mur à beaucoup d’endroits, et remplissaient les mines de poudre et de vases remplis de poudre.”[209] If such action was possible, there could be no water in the Moat. Footnote 155: Ammianus Marcellinus, xxxii. 16. Footnote 156: Jornandes, xxviii. Footnote 157: Eunapius, quoted by Gyllius, _De Top. CP._, i. c. 5. Footnote 158: Zosimus, p. 101. Footnote 159: Sozomon, ii. c. 3. Footnote 160: Theophanes, p. 680. Footnote 161: _Oratio_, xviii. p. 222. Edition of Petavius. Footnote 162: VII. c. 1. Footnote 163: _Cod. Theod._, lib. viii. tit. xxii. Footnote 164: Anonymus, i. p. 22. Footnote 165: See Choisy, _L’Art de Bâttir chez les Byzantins_, pp. 7-13. Footnote 166: Socrates, vii. c. 1; _Cod. Theod._, “De Operibus Publicis,” lex. 51. The law refers to the towers of the new wall, and is addressed to Anthemius as Prætorian Prefect in 413: “Turres novi muri, qui ad munitionem splendidissimæ urbis extructus est, completo opere, præcipimus eorum usui deputari, per quorum terram idem murus studio ac provisione Tuæ Magnitudinis ex Nostræ Serenitatis arbitrio celebratur.” Footnote 167: Marcellinus Comes, “Plurimi urbis Augustæ muri recenti adhuc constructi, cum LVII. turribus, corruerunt.” Footnote 168: “Intra tres menses, Constantino Præfecto Prætorio opere dante, (muri) reædificati sunt.” Cf. Inscription on the Gate Yeni Mevlevi Haneh Kapoussi, p. 47. Footnote 169: Measuring from the bed of the Moat. Footnote 170: It stood on the Outer Wall between the fourth and fifth towers south of the Golden Gate (Paspates, p. 58). Footnote 171: See illustrations facing pp. 78, 96, 248. Footnote 172: Banduri, _Imperium Orientale_, vii. n. 428. Footnote 173: See above, p. 47. Footnote 174: Theophanes, pp. 148, 149; Leo Gram., pp. 108, 109. Footnote 175: Patriarch Constantius, Paspates, Mordtmann, Du Cange. Footnote 176: Muralt, _Essai de Chronographie Byzantine, de 395 à 1057_, pp. 54, 55. Footnote 177: _Paschal Chron._, pp. 588, 589. Footnote 178: _Ibid._, pp. 582, 583. Footnote 179: _Ibid._, p. 588.