phrases might be exchanged for others and more customary ones, without depriving Sallust of his essential characteristics; for these consist in a vivid perception of the important moments of an action, in placing them in strong contrasts, to excite his readers, and in the effect produced by isolated sentences simply put in juxtaposition without the artifice of a polished and intricate period. To give our young readers some preparatory information about certain frequently-recurring peculiarities of Sallust's style, we may remark that the omission of the personal pronoun in the construction of the accusative with the infinitive, as well as the omission of the auxiliary verb _est_, and the frequent use of the infinitive instead of a dependent clause--for example, _hortatur dicere, res postulat exponere, conjuravere patriam incendere_, and many similar expressions--arise from his desire to be brief and concise. Among his antiquated forms of words, we may mention _die_ for _diei_, the singular _plerusque_, _quis_ for _quibus_, _senati_ for _senatus_; _dicundi, legundi_, &c. for _dicendi, legendi_; _intellego_ for _intelligo_, _forem_ for _essem_, _fuere_ for _fuerunt_; the use of the past participles of deponent verbs in a passive sense--as _adeptus, interpretatus_. Antiquated words, or words used in an antiquated sense, are--_supplicium_ for _preces_, _scilicet_ for _scire licet_; antiquated expressions are--_fugam facere_ for _fugere_, _habere vitam_ for _agere vitam_, and other phrases with _habere_. The frequent use of _mortales_ for _homines_, _aevum_ for _aetas_, and _subigere_ for _cogere_, gives to his style somewhat of a poetical colouring. As far as grammatical construction is concerned, there is a tendency to archaisms in the use of _quippe qui_ with the indicative; in the frequent application of the indicative in subordinate sentences in the oratio obliqua; and in some other points which we shall explain in short notes to the passages where they occur. An intentional disturbance of rhetorical symmetry is perceptible in the change of corresponding particles;--for example, instead of _alii_ in the expression _alii-alii_, we find _pars_ or _partim_; instead of _modo_ in the expression _modo-modo_, we find _interdum_, and similar variations. But all these differences from the ordinary language contain in themselves sufficient grounds of explanation and excuse, and are by no means so frequent as to render the language of Sallust unworthy of the merited reputation of being classical. * * * * * C. SALLUSTII CRISPI BELLUM CATILINARIUM. * * * * *