Caesar, Julius; Rome -- History -- Republic, 265-30 B.C.
Caesar did not wait for them to move. He advanced at once to Rheims,
where he called the Senate together and encouraged them to be constant
to the Roman alliance. He sent a party of Aedui down the Seine to
harass the territory of the Bellovaci and recall them to their own
defence; and he went on himself to the Aisne, which he crossed by a
bridge already existing at Berry-au-Bac. There, with the bridge and
river at his back, he formed an entrenched camp of extraordinary
strength, with a wall 12 feet high and a fosse 22 feet deep. Against an
attack with modern artillery such defences would, of course, be idle.
As the art of war then stood, they were impregnable. In this position
Caesar waited, leaving six cohorts on the left bank to guard the other
end of the bridge. The Belgae came forward and encamped in his front.
Their watch-fires at night were seen stretching along a line eight
miles wide. Caesar, after feeling his way with his cavalry, found a
rounded ridge projecting like a promontory into the plain where the
Belgian host was lying. On this he advanced his legions, protecting his
flanks with continuous trenches and earthworks, on which were placed
heavy cross-bows, the ancient predecessors of cannon. Between these
lines, if he attacked the enemy and failed, he had a secure retreat. A
marsh lay between the armies; and each waited for the other to cross.
The Belgians, impatient of delay, flung themselves suddenly on one side
and began to pour across the river, intending to destroy the cohorts on
the other bank, to cut the bridge, and burn and plunder among the Remi.
Caesar calmly sent back his cavalry and his archers and slingers. They
caught the enemy in the water or struggling out of it in confusion; all
who had got over were killed; multitudes were slaughtered in the river;
others, trying to cross on the bodies of their comrades, were driven
back. The confederates, shattered at a single defeat, broke up like an
exploded shell. Their provisions had run short. They melted away and
dispersed to their homes, Labienus pursuing and cutting down all that
he could overtake.
The Roman loss was insignificant in this battle. The most remarkable
feature in Caesar's campaigns, and that which indicates most clearly
his greatness as a commander, was the smallness of the number of men
that he ever lost, either by the sword or by wear and tear. No general
was ever so careful of his soldiers' lives.
Soissons, a fortified Belgian town, surrendered the next day. From
Soissons Caesar marched on Breteuil and thence on Amiens, which
surrendered also. The Bellovaci sent in their submission, the leaders
of the war party having fled to Britain. Caesar treated them all with
scrupulous forbearance, demanding nothing but hostages for their future
good behavior. His intention at this time was apparently not to annex
any of these tribes to Rome, but to settle the country in a
quasi-independence under an Aeduan hegemony.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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