Caesar, Julius; Rome -- History -- Republic, 265-30 B.C.
be fixed, or, in default, would be declared an enemy to the State. Two
tribunes, Mark Antony and Cassius Longinus, interposed. The tribunes'
veto was as old as their institution. It had been left standing even by
Sylla. But the aristocracy were declaring war against the people. They
knew that the veto was coming, and they had resolved to disregard it.
The more passionate the speakers, the more they were cheered by
Caesar's enemies. The sitting ended in the evening without a final
conclusion; but at a meeting afterwards, at his house, Pompey quieted
alarms by assuring the senators that there was nothing to fear.
Caesar's army he knew to be disaffected. He introduced the officers of
the two legions that had been taken from Caesar, who vouched for their
fidelity to the constitution. Some of Pompey's veterans were present,
called up from their farms; they were enthusiastic for their old
commander. Piso, Caesar's father-in-law, and Roscius, a praetor, begged
for a week's delay, that they might go to Caesar, and explain the
Senate's pleasure. Others proposed to send a deputation to soften the
harshness of his removal. But Lentulus, backed by Cato, would listen to
nothing. Cato detested Caesar as the representative of everything which
he most abhorred. Lentulus, bankrupt and loaded with debts, was looking
for provinces to ruin, and allied sovereigns to lay presents at his
feet. He boasted that he would be a second Sylla.[15] When the Senate
met again in their places, the tribunes' veto was disallowed. They
ordered a general levy through Italy. The consuls gave Pompey the
command-in-chief, with the keys of the treasury. The Senate
redistributed the provinces; giving Syria to Scipio, and in Caesar's
place appointing Domitius Ahenobarbus, the most inveterate and
envenomed of his enemies. Their authority over the provinces had been
taken from them by law, but law was set aside. Finally, they voted the
State in danger, suspended the constitution, and gave the consuls
absolute power.
The final votes were taken on the 7th of January. A single week had
sufficed for a discussion of the resolutions on which the fate of Rome
depended. The Senate pretended to be defending the constitution. They
had themselves destroyed the constitution, and established on the ruins
of it a senatorial oligarchy. The tribunes fled at once to Caesar.
Pompey left the city for Campania, to join his two legions and
superintend the levies.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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