The ringing of changes is performed, partly by the ear, and partly by the eye; the ear informs when to make a change, the eye directs the pull in the making of it, but then again the ear guides the striking of the note true in its place according to time. So that the ear and eye have each of them its proper object in the ringing of changes, and therefore ought at the same time to be absolutely free from all others whatsoever, the notes of the bells being the object of the ear, and the bell-ropes the object of the eye. Now these two Senses in the time of ringing do each of them thus perform its office. First, the ear, as a Sentinel, discovers the near approaching change, and also the place wherein his note lies, that is, whether before or behind the note wherewith ’tis to make a change, and gives present information to the eye, to perform its part accordingly in the making of it; but then again the eye refers it to the ear, to place the note true in striking. But questionless (by the bie) the truest ringing of changes is to be performed only by the ear; but then the Practitioners must be capable to judg of time, and to beat it true, which must be the only direction to guide their pull; and then it must be performed at a peal of bells that may be managed with ease: and being so fitted in all respects, the changes may doubtless be rung more true, with greater pleasure to the Practitioners, and much more free from mistakes and forgets, only by the ear, than by making use of the eye to direct their pull. But in regard that either the ill going of the bells, or want of fit accomplishments in the practitioners, may render it unfit for common practice; therefore the surest way is to ring both by the eye and ear, as I said before. Now to render the eye and ear rightly useful in the ringing of changes, five things ought by the young Practitioner to be well understood. First, he must be able to distinguish the notes of a peal of bells, and to know one from another in the time of ringing. Secondly, he must apprehend the places of the notes. Thirdly, the precedency of notes. Fourthly, the manner of making a change in ringing. Fifthly, a general prospect of the manner of putting the four preceding notions into practice.