Cassell's book of birds; vol. 1Brehm, Alfred Edmund
Science
Cassell's book of birds; vol. 1
Brehm, Alfred Edmund
Birds
The BODY presents the following regions: first there is the _breast_
(22), which extends over the space which covers the breast-bone. To
this succeeds the _belly_ (29), which is terminated by the _vent_ or
_crissum_ (30). Immediately behind the vent are the _under-tail covers_
(32), which are frequently of a different colour from the surrounding
feathers.
On the upper aspect of the body we have the _interscapular region_,
sometimes called the _back_ (24), to which succeeds the _lower back_
(26), which terminates at the _rump_, or that part where the _upper-tail
covers_ (42) are inserted.
Last of all comes the TAIL, composed of long stiff feathers, called the
_tail-feathers_ (31), concerning which it is only necessary to observe
that the two middle tail-feathers are the _intermedial_, while those on
the sides are the _lateral_ tail-feathers.
The WING of a bird will be found to present a structure worthy of our
highest admiration. The object aimed at in the arrangement of its
different parts is evidently to obtain a very large and firm expanse of
surface, by employing the smallest possible quantity of material. For
the purposes of flight it is obviously necessary that the superficial
extent of the wings shall be sufficiently ample, not only to sustain
the weight of their possessor in the thin and yielding element in which
it flies, but, by the vigour of their stroke and the violence of their
impulse, to propel the bird with a rapidity proportioned to the occasion,
and, moreover, by the lightness of their touch and the accuracy of
their movements, to steer and steady its course through all the varied
evolutions whereby it is enabled to capture prey, or sportively display
the wonderful activity conferred upon the feathered tribes.
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