Shipwreck of Richard--His Arrival in Austria--His Capture by the Archduke Leopold--He is surrendered to the Emperor of Germany--Events in England--Renewed Persecution of the Jews--The Massacre at York--Quarrel between Longchamp and Pudsey--Stories about Longchamp--His Rupture with John, and Temporary Compromise--Imprisonment of Geoffrey of York--Longchamp takes Refuge in the Tower--His Deposition and Flight to France--Intrigues between John and Philip--Rumours of Richard's Imprisonment--The Story of Blondel--Richard before the Diet--Loyalty of Richard's Subjects, and Collection of the Ransom--Richard's Reception in England--His Expedition to France--Administration of Hubert Walter--William Fitz-Osbert--Recommencement of Hostilities with France--The Bishop of Beauvais--Defeat of Philip--Death of Richard before Chaluz--His Character 235 CHAPTER XXIII. JOHN AND THE GREAT CHARTER. Accession of John--His Position--Arthur of Brittany--Peace between John and Philip of France--John's Marriage with Isabella of La Marche--Rupture with France--The Struggle Begins--Capture of Arthur--The Stories of his Death--The Loss of Normandy--Peace with Philip--Quarrel with the Pope--The Kingdom Laid under an Interdict, and Excommunication of John--John's Desperate Measures--Expedition to Ireland--John is deposed--Arrival of Pandulph in England--Surrender of the Kingdom to the Pope--Successes of John--Langton Arrives in England--He Becomes Leader of the Baronial Party--The Battle of Bouvines--Insurrection in England--The Barons Confront John--His Intrigues--Meeting at Brackley--Occupation of London--The Meeting at Runnymede--Greatness of the Occasion--Provisions of the Charter--Duplicity of John--Siege of Rochester--John in the North--His Cause Supported by the Church--The Crown offered to Louis of France--He Enters London--Sieges of Dover and Windsor--Reported Conspiracy--John's Disaster at the Wash--His Death and Character 251 CHAPTER XXIV. THE REIGN OF HENRY III. Accession of the King--Renewal of the Great Charter--Messages of Conciliation--Battle of Lincoln--Destruction of the French Fleet--Departure of Louis--Reduction of Albemarle--Resumption of the Royal Castles--War with France--Characters of Richard of Cornwall and Henry III.--Fall of Hubert de Burgh--Peter des Roches--Henry is his own Minister--The House of Provence--The King's Marriage Articles--The Marriage and Entry into London--Influx of Foreigners--Papal Aggressions--Persecution of the Jews--Oppression of the Londoners--A Religious Ceremony 277 CHAPTER XXV. THE REIGN OF HENRY III. (_concluded_).