Castes and Tribes of Southern India. Vol. 3 of 7Thurston, Edgar
History
Castes and Tribes of Southern India. Vol. 3 of 7
Thurston, Edgar
Caste -- India, South; Ethnology -- India, South; India, South -- Social life and customs; Tribes -- India, South
The Kammalans burn the corpses of adults, and bury the young. Fifteen
days' pollution is observed, and at the expiration thereof the
Thali-kurup pours water, and purification takes place. On the third
day the bones of the cremated corpse are collected, and placed
in a new earthen pot, which is buried in the grounds of the house
of the deceased. One of the sons performs beli (makes offerings),
and observes diksha (hair-growing) for a year. The bones are then
carried to Tirunavaya in Ponnani, Tiruvilamala in Cochin territory,
Perur in Coimbatore, or Tirunelli in the Wynad, and thrown into the
river. A final beli is performed, and the sradh memorial ceremony is
celebrated. If the deceased was skilled in sorcery, or his death was
due thereto, his ghost is believed to haunt the house, and trouble
the inmates. To appease it, the village washerman (Mannan) is brought
with his drums, and, by means of his songs, forces the devil into one
of the members of the household, who is made to say what murthi or
evil spirit possesses him, and how it should be satisfied. It is then
appeased with the sacrifice of a fowl, and drinking the juice of tender
cocoanuts. A further demand is that it must have a place consigned to
it in the house or grounds, and be worshipped once a year. Accordingly,
seven days later, a small stool representing the deceased is placed
in a corner of one of the rooms, and there worshipped annually with
offerings of cocoanuts, toddy, arrack, and fowls. In the grounds of
some houses small shrines, erected to the memory of the dead, may be
seen. These are opened once a year, and offerings made to them.
The Kammalans worship various minor deities, such as Thikutti,
Parakutti, Kala Bairavan, and others. Some only worship stone images
erected under trees annually. They have barbers of their own, of
whom the Mannan shaves the men, and the Mannathi the women. These
individuals are not admitted into the Mannan caste, which follows
the more honourable profession of washing clothes.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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