Celtic art in Pagan and Christian timesAllen, J. Romilly (John Romilly)
Philosophy
Celtic art in Pagan and Christian times
Allen, J. Romilly (John Romilly)
Art, Celtic
[116] _British Barrows_, p. 208, Nos. li. to liv. The results of the
exploration are now in the British Museum. The bronze objects are
engraved in Sir J. Evans’ _Ancient Bronze Implements_, pp. 387, 388,
and 400.
[117] _Reliquary_, vol. ix., p. 180, and Ll. Jewitt’s _Grave-Mounds and
their Contents_, pp. 237 and 263.
The number of burials of the Early Iron Age that have been found in
Great Britain is extremely small as compared with those of the Ages of
Stone and Bronze. This would seem to indicate that the period between
the introduction of iron into this country and the commencement of the
Roman occupation cannot have been very long; and that if the new metal
was brought in by a foreign invasion rather than by peaceful commercial
intercourse, nothing like the extermination of the native inhabitants,
who used bronze and cremated their dead, can have taken place.
As we have seen, a large proportion of the sepulchral remains of the
Early Iron Age have been derived from Yorkshire; but other instances
have come to light in Derbyshire, Staffordshire, Kent, Gloucestershire,
Devon, and Cornwall.
The Rev. Mr. Pegge has given an account in the _Archæologia_[118]
of the opening of a tumulus on Garratt’s Piece, Middleton Common,
Derbyshire, a mile and a half south-east of Arbelows, and ten miles
south-east of Buxton. The body had been laid on the surface of the
ground, lying east and west. With it were found one of the circular
enamelled discs to which reference will be made subsequently; a shallow
basin of thin brass, much broken and crushed; and part of the iron umbo
of a shield.
[118] Vol. ix., p. 189: letter read May 8th, 1788; and T. Bateman’s
_Vestiges of the Antiquities of Derbyshire_, p. 24.
At Benty Grange, in Derbyshire, eight miles south-east of Buxton, on
the road to Ashbourne, and one mile north-west of Arbelows, Mr. Thomas
Bateman[119] excavated a barrow, about 2 feet high, surrounded by a
fosse. The body had all decayed, except the hair; but in the spot
where it had been deposited was a remarkable assemblage of relics,
consisting of a leathern cup mounted with silver round the edge, and
having wheel- or cross-shaped silver ornaments round the bowl; three
circular enamelled discs of the same class as those from the Middleton
Common tumulus previously described; an iron helmet surmounted by the
figure of a hog of iron with bronze eyes, having a small silver cross
inlaid on the nasal; a buckle; fragments of chains, etc. This burial,
presenting some Celtic characteristics, belongs to a late period,
possibly even after the Roman occupation.
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