Under the second head the same provinces are clearly indicated in one of the Laws of King William, ‘De lege que vocatur Claremathan.’ It commences, ‘De catallo furato et calumpniato statuit dominus Rex apud Perth quod in quacunque provincia sit inventum,’ etc. It then refers to them thus, ‘Si ille qui calumpniatus est de catallo furato vel rapto vocat warentum suum aliquem hominem manentem inter Spey et Forth vel inter Drumalban et Forth;’ that is, a district bounded by the Spey, Drumalban, and the Forth. Then we have, ‘Et si quis ultra illas divisas valet in Moravia vel in Ros vel in Katenes vel in Ergadia vel in Kintyre.’ Then we have ‘Ergadia quae pertinet ad Moraviam.’ Then ‘Si calumpniatus vocaverit warentum aliquem in Ergadia quae pertinet ad Scotiam tunc veniat ad comitem Atholie,’ showing that the part of Ergadia next to Athole was said to belong to Scotia as distinguished from Moravia. Then we have, ‘Omnes illi qui ultra Forth manserint in Laudonia vel in Galwodia.’—_Acts of Parl._ v. i. p. 50. Ailred distinguishes Laudonia and Calatria (in Stirlingshire) from Scotia when he says, ‘Cum Angliæ victor Willelmus Laodoniam Calatriam Scotiam usque ad Abernith penetraret.’—_Ailred de bello apud Standardum._ Ordericus Vitalis equally distinguishes Moravia from Scotia when he says of Angus Comes de Moravia, who rebelled against David I., ‘Scotiam intravit.’—_Ord. Vit._ p. 702. Thirdly, the same distinction is maintained in the early notices of the inhabitants of the different provinces. Thus Ailred describes the Scottish army at the battle of the Standard under David I. as consisting of the following bodies of troops:—1st, of Galwenses; 2d, of Cumbrenses et Tevidalenses; 3d, of Laodonenses cum Insulanis et Lavernanis; 4th, of Scoti et Muravenses. The accurate Hailes deduces from this,—‘The Scots, properly so called, were the inhabitants of the tract between the Firth of Forth and the country then called Moray.’—Hailes, _An._ vol. i. p. 78. Footnote 5: Nam Clota et Bodotria, diversi maris aestibus per immensum revectae, angusto terrarum spatio dirimuntur: quod tum praesidiis firmabatur: atque omnis propior sinus tenebatur, summotis velut in aliam insulam hostibus.—Tacit. _in Vit. Ag._, c. 23. Footnote 6: Hector Boece is the first of our historians who brings this Highland barrier prominently forward as a mountain range. He says, ‘Situs autem hic lacus (Loch Lomond) est ad pedem Grampii montis Pictorum olim Scotorumque regni limitis, qua ab ostiis Deae amnis latera Aberdoniae abluentis mare Germanicum prospectans incurvus asper atque intractabilis (quod et nomen ejus vernaculum Granzebain significat) per mediam Scotiam in alterum mare tendens obvio hoc lacu excipitur sistiturque.’—Ed. 1520, F. vii. 45.