Another important character gives to the face, when seen from the front, an extremely typical shape. This is a great lateral extension of the malar bones, or, to speak more precisely, of the zygomatic arches. This condition may be denoted simply by the one word, _eurygnathism_, which describes it amply and aptly. On the other hand, instead of employing this term, we may, in the case of each person examined, record the exact width of the face between the malar eminences, and note also the relation of this measurement to the width of the forehead. As regards characteristics of form, however, it is much more convenient, and at the same time conveys a much more vivid impression, to denote these merely quantitative variations, and also relations perceptible only through comparison, by means of a generally descriptive terminology, which must not, of course, be confused with the precise description of actual structures. Employing this method, we have a lengthy register of crimino-anthropological characters, and in the following table I append a fragment of such a register: I. PRIMATOID VARIETIES. A. AFFECTING THE SKULL. CEREBROGENOUS. (_a_) _Direct Cerebrogenous._ 1. Frontal submicrocephaly (expressed in the relative and absolute smallness of the brain, especially in the transverse diameter). Criminals, 41 per cent. 2. Narrowing of the cranio-facial angle at the base of the skull, leading to prognathism. Occurrence: In all primates, in negroes, Papuans, Australian blacks, etc. Criminals, 60 per cent. 3. Receding forehead. Occurrence: According to Lombroso, in 19·4 per cent. of 4,244 criminals. According to Kurella, in criminals from Upper Silesia, 11 per cent.; in workmen from Upper Silesia, 4 per cent. 4. Often associated with 2 or 3. Middle occipital fossa. Occurrence: In all apes, in the anthropoids, including the gibbon. In the skulls of various races of mankind— Per cent. Ancient Peruvians 15 Australian blacks 28 Skulls provided with “students’ sets” 4·1 Criminals (3,200), (Lombroso, 16 per cent.) 20 Negroes 10 Prehistoric skulls 14·3 (_b_) _Indirect Cerebrogenous Varieties._ 1. External angular process of the frontal bone abnormally large. In criminals (704), 11·9 per cent. 2. Excessive size of orbits (exceeding the highest degree of Mantegazza’s scale of the index cranio-orbitalis)—