Chambers's Edinburgh Journal, No. 309: New Series, Saturday, December 8, 1849Various
General
Chambers's Edinburgh Journal, No. 309: New Series, Saturday, December 8, 1849
Various
Periodicals
The true reason for individual cultivation is undoubtedly to be sought
for in the native requirements of the soul. The essential worth
of knowledge lies not so much in its adaptations to our temporal
conveniencies or ambition, as in the service it performs in promoting
spiritual enlargement. What we more especially understand by education
is a progressive process whereby the intellectual and moral powers
are expanded and developed to the extent of their capabilities,
and directed towards objects of action and speculation which have
a tendency to advance the effectual wellbeing of the individual--a
wellbeing whose character is not to be determined arbitrarily by
opinion, or considered as consisting in conditions accordant with
mere conventional preconceptions of mortal happiness, but one which
pre-exists as an ideal prefigurement in human nature. That only is a
right and sufficient education which aims at the perfect culture of the
man--which, as far as is possible with objective limitations, educes
and invigorates his latent aptitudes and gifts, to the end that he
may employ them in a manner which is consistent with the pure idea of
his own being. The consideration to be kept continually in view is,
what is a man by natural capacity destined to become?--what heights of
intellectual and moral worth is he capable of attaining to?--and, on
the whole, what courses of discipline and personal exertion are most
suitable, as the means of raising him to that condition wherein he
will most admirably fulfil the design of his creation? To instruct and
educate him with respect to this design is the highest and ultimate
purpose of all knowledge. It has thus a grander aim than the mere
promotion of the conveniencies of our material life. Prosecuted with
reference to this loftier end, it is exalted into the appropriate guide
of a man's endeavours--acquainting him with the laws and relations
of his existence, and shaping for him the authentic course of his
sublunary conduct.
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