Chambers's Journal of Popular Literature, Science, and Art, Fifth Series, No. 44, Vol. I, November 1, 1884Various
Science
Chambers's Journal of Popular Literature, Science, and Art, Fifth Series, No. 44, Vol. I, November 1, 1884
Various
Periodicals
In the following year, the Meteorological Office was constituted
upon its present footing, and the daily publication of forecasts has
continued down to the present. Considering that—judging from the
forecasts published daily in the newspapers—the chances of a successful
forecast are on the average about seventy-nine per cent. for ordinary
weather, while the percentage of successes is slightly higher in the
case of storm warnings, it is evident that the Meteorological Office is
capable of rendering important service to the community at large. Every
morning, the central office in London receives telegraphic reports
from fifty-three stations. It also receives thirteen reports every
afternoon, and nineteen each evening. Besides the numerous well-placed
observation stations in the British Islands, there are twenty-three
foreign reporting stations, extending along the entire western coast
of Europe, from which information is received, in accordance with
arrangements made with the meteorological organisations in Norway,
Sweden, Denmark, Germany, Holland, and France. The morning observations
are made at all the British stations at eight A.M. Greenwich time, and
are transmitted direct to the Meteorological Office, where they are
received between nine and ten o’clock. Thus are given the barometrical
and thermometrical readings at the various stations at eight A.M.;
the direction and force of the wind, and the state of the weather,
together with any changes of importance which may have been noticed in
the course of the preceding day. From these reports, weather charts
are made out, forecasts of the weather are prepared and issued to the
evening papers in London and the provinces; and a telegraphic résumé of
the weather, or, if necessary, intelligence of storms, is despatched to
various points on our coasts and to foreign countries. The forecasts
for the morning daily papers are issued at half-past eight P.M. on
the previous evening. They are prepared from reports received from
twenty-six home and six foreign stations; but although these are the
most widely distributed and read of any issued from the office, they
are much less complete than the eight A.M. forecasts.
The _Times_ publishes every morning with the forecasts the weather
chart issued by the department. This chart shows the condition and
movements of the atmosphere over the British Isles and the vicinity;
the distribution of pressure; the temperature, state of the sea, and
the force and direction of the winds blowing within the area at six
P.M. on the previous day.
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