Chaucer's Translation of Boethius's "De Consolatione Philosophiae"Boethius
ReligionComparative
Chaucer's Translation of Boethius's "De Consolatione Philosophiae"
Boethius
Happiness; Philosophy and religion
and yif þei comen to-gidre {and} ben
assembled {and} clepid to-gidre in to o cours. þan moten
þilke þinges fletyn to-gidre whiche þat þe water of þe 4376
entrechau{n}gyng flode bry{n}geþ þe shippes {and} þe stokkes
araced wiþ þe flood moten assemble. {and} þe watres
ymedlyd wrappiþ or implieþ many fortunel happes or
maneres.
[Sidenote: But the sloping earth, the laws of fluids, govern these
things.]
þe whiche wandryng happes naþeles þilke enclinyng 4380
lowenes of þe erþe. {and} þe flowynge ordre of
þe slidyng water gouerniþ.
[Sidenote: So though Chance seems to wander unrestrained, it is
nevertheless curbed and restrained by Divine Providence.]
¶ Ryȝt so fortune þat
semeþ as [þat] it fletiþ wiþ slaked or vngouerned[e]
bridles. It suffriþ bridles þat is to seyn to ben gouerned 4384
{and} passeþ by þilke lawe. þat is to sein by þe deuyne
ordinaunce.
[Linenotes:
4369 [_and_]--from C.
_a_--oo
4371 [_batayle_]--from C.
4373 _þe_--tho
4374 _to-gidre_--to-gyderes
4376 _whiche_--which
4377 _flode_--flod
4378 _assemble_--assemblyn
4380 _enclinyng_--declynynge
4381 _lowenes_--lownesse
4383 [_þat_]--from C.
_vngouerned[e]_--vngou{er}nede
4385 _þe_--thilke]
[Headnote:
ON FREE WILL.]
A{N}I{M}ADUERTO INQ{UA}M.
[Sidenote: [The .2^de. p{ro}se.]]
[Sidenote: _B._ Is there any _free-will_ in this chain of cohering
causes?]
++Þis vndirstonde I wel q{uo}d I. {and} accorde wel þat it
is ryȝt as þou seist. but I axe yif þer be any liberte 4388
or fre wil in þis ordre of causes þat cliue{n} þus to-gidre
in hem self.
[Sidenote: Or doth the _chain of destiny_ constrain the motions of
the human mind?]
¶ or ellys I wolde witen yif þat þe
destinal cheine co{n}streiniþ þe moeueuynge of þe corages
of me{n}.
[Sidenote: _P._ There is a freedom of the will possessed by every
rational being.]
yis q{uo}d she þer is liberte of fre wille. ne þer 4392
ne was neuer no nature of resou{n} þat it ne hadde liberte
of fre wille.
[Sidenote: A rational being has judgment to judge of and discern
everything.]
¶ For euery þing þat may naturely vsen
resou{n}. it haþ doom by whiche it discerniþ {and} demiþ
euery þing.
[Sidenote: Of himself he knows what he is to avoid or to desire.
He seeks what he judges desirable, and he shuns what he deems
should be avoided.]
¶ þan knoweþ it by it self þinges þat be{n} 4396
to fleen. {and} þinges þat ben to desiren. {and} þilk þing
þat any wyȝt demeþ to ben desired þ{a}t axeþ or desireþ
he {and} fleeþ [thilke] þing þat he troueþ ben to fleen.
[Linenotes:
4389 _or_--of
4390 _hem_--hym
4392 _yis_--MS. yif, C. yis
4392-94 _wille_--wil
4395 _whiche_--which
4397 _þilk_--thilke
4399 [_thilke_]--from C.]
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