Chaucer's Translation of Boethius's "De Consolatione Philosophiae"Boethius
ReligionComparative
Chaucer's Translation of Boethius's "De Consolatione Philosophiae"
Boethius
Happiness; Philosophy and religion
Resou{n} surmou{n}teth ymaginaciou{n}]
{and} co{m}p{re}hendeþ [[pg 165]]
by an vniuersel lokynge þe co{mmun}e spece (sp{eci}em)
þat is in þe singuler peces. ¶ But þe eye of intelligence
is heyȝer for it so{ur}mou{n}teþ þe envirounynge of þe 4780
vniu{er}site {and} lookeþ ouer þat by pure subtilite of þouȝt.
[Sidenote: in which this is chiefly to be considered, that the
higher power of perception embraces the lower; but the inferior
cannot attain to the energy of the superior:]
þilk same symple forme of man þat is p{er}durably in þe
deuyne þouȝt. in whiche þis auȝt[e] gretely to ben considered
þat þe heyest strengþe to co{m}prehenden þinges 4784
enbraceþ {and} conteyneþ þe lower[e] strengþe [but the
lower{e} strengthe ne arysith nat in no maner{e} to heyer{e}
strengthe].
[Sidenote: for the senses cannot go beyond the perception of
matter; the imagination cannot comprehend existences in general,
nor can the reason conceive the simple form.]
for wit ne may no þinge co{m}p{re}hende oute of
matere. ne þe ymagynac{i}ou{n} ne lokeþ nat þe vniuerseles 4788
speces. ne resou{n} ne takeþ nat þe symple forme. so as
i{n}telligence takeþ it.
[Sidenote: But the Intelligence looking down (as from above) and
having conceived the form, discerns all things that are below it,
and comprehends what does not fall within the reach of the other
faculties of the mind.]
but þe intelligence þat lokeþ al
abouen whan it haþ co{m}p{re}hendid þe forme it knoweþ
{and} demeþ alle þe þinges þat be{n} vndir þat forme. but 4792
she knoweþ he{m} vndir þilke manere in þe whiche it
comp{re}hendiþ þilke same symple forme þat ne may
neuer be knowen to non of þat oþer. þat is to seyn to
non of þo þre forseide strengþes of þe soule.
[Sidenote: Without the aid of those faculties Intelligence
comprehends things _formally_ (_i. e._ by beholding their simple
forms) by one effort of mind.]
for it 4796
knoweþ þe vniuersite of resou{n} {and} þe figure of
þe ymaginac{i}ou{n}.
{and} þe sensible mat{er}ial conseiued. {and} þou
wenest þ{a}t it be diuerse fro þe hoolnesse of science. þat
any man sholde deme a þing to ben oþ{er}weyes þan it is 4800
it self {and} þe cause of þis erro{ur} {et}c’. {vt sup}ra. by wit.
[Sidenote: Reason, without the aid of Imagination and Sense, in
considering things in general, comprehends all imaginable and
sensible things.]
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