Chaucer's Translation of Boethius's "De Consolatione Philosophiae"Boethius
ReligionComparative
Chaucer's Translation of Boethius's "De Consolatione Philosophiae"
Boethius
Happiness; Philosophy and religion
ȝit algates ne lese þei nat hire p{ro}pre nature ne
beynge. by þe whiche first or þat þei were doon þei
hadden power nat to han bitidd.
[Sidenote: But it is a thing of no moment then, whether things are
necessary in their own nature or not, since by the condition of
the Divine knowledge they fell out as if they were necessitated.]
_Boece._ what is þis
to seyn þa{n} q{uo}d I. þat þinges ne ben nat necessarie by 5144
hire p{ro}pre nature. so as þei comen in alle maneres in
þe lykenesse of necessite by þe condic{i}ou{n} of þe deuyne
science.
[Sidenote: _P._ The difference is explained in the instances
lately given you, of the man walking, &c.]
{Ph}ilosoph{ie}. þis is þe difference q{uo}d she. þat
þo þinges þat I p{ur}posed[e] þe a litel here byforn. þat 5148
is to seyn þe sonne arysynge {and} þe man walkynge þat
þerwhiles þat þilke þinges ben ydon. þei ne myȝten nat
ben vndon.
[Sidenote: The event of the former was necessary before it befell,
whereas that of the latter was altogether free.]
naþeles þat oon of hem or it was ydon it
byhoued[e] by necessite þat it was ydon. but nat þat 5152
oþ{er}. ryȝt so it is here þat þe þinges þat god haþ p{re}sent.
wiþ outen doute þei shulle ben.
but so{m}me of hem descendiþ [[pg 177]]
of þe nature of þinges as þe sonne arysynge.
{and} so{m}me descendiþ of þe power of þe doers as þe man 5156
walkynge.
[Sidenote: _B._ Then I did not go from the truth when I said that
some things referred to the Divine knowledge are necessary, while
considered in themselves they are not under the bond of
necessity.]
¶ þan seide I. no wronge þat yif þat þise
þinges ben referred to þe deuyne knowynge þan ben þei
necessarie. {and} yif þei ben considered by he{m} selfe þan
ben þei absolut from þe bonde of necessite.
[Sidenote: In the same way everything that is an object of sense
is _general_ when considered in relation to reason--but particular
when considered by itself.]
ryȝt so [as] 5160
alle þinges þat appiereþ or sheweþ to þe wittes yif þou
referre it to resou{n} it is vniuersel. {and} yif þou referre
it or look[e] it to it self. þan is it sy{n}guler.
[Sidenote: But you may say--If I am able to change my purpose I
can deceive providence by changing that which she hath foreseen I
would do.]
but now
yif þou seist þus þ{a}t yif it be in my power to chaunge 5164
my p{ur}pose. þan shal I voide þe p{ur}ueaunce of god.
whan þat p{er}auenture I shal han chau{n}ged þo þinges
þat he knoweþ byforn. þan shal I answere þe þus
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