Chinese pottery and porcelain; vol. 2. Ming and Ch'ing PorcelainHobson, R. L. (Robert Lockhart)
History
Chinese pottery and porcelain; vol. 2. Ming and Ch'ing Porcelain
Hobson, R. L. (Robert Lockhart)
Porcelain, Chinese; Pottery, Chinese
The reproductions of Ming monochromes include the underglaze red and
the purplish blue as in the previous reign, and the eggshell and pure
white of the Yung Lo and Hsüan Tê periods. The purplish blue or _chi
ch’ing_ of this time is illustrated by a large dish in the British
Museum which is further enriched with gilding. It is covered with a
splendid deep blue of slightly reddish tinge, varying depth and rather
stippled appearance, and it was found in Turkey, where this colour has
been much prized. Turquoise green, aubergine purple and yellow of the
_demi-grand feu_, and the lustrous brown (_tzŭ chin_) in two
shades, brown and yellow, are all mentioned in the Imperial list as
used with or without engraved and carved designs under the glaze.
As for the K’ang Hsi porcelains it may be assumed that practically
all their glaze colours were now reproduced. A few only are specified
in the list, eel yellow, snake-skin green, spotted yellow, _soufflé_
red, _soufflé_ blue (powder blue) and mirror black (_wu chin_). The
term _soufflé_ red may refer to the underglaze red from copper or the
overglaze iron red. The latter is further subdivided into _mo hung_
or _ta hung_, the deep red of Ming origin, and the _tsao’rh hung_ or
jujube red, a softer and more vitreous[411] variety of the same colour
which Dr. Bushell considered to have originated in the Yung Chêng
period. On the _soufflé_ red under the glaze we may quote Bushell’s
remarks[412]: “Two of the colours especially characteristic of the
Nien yao or 'Nien porcelain’ of this epoch are the _clair de lune_
or _yüeh pai_, and the bright _soufflé_ copper red.” The latter is
further described on a vase in the Walters collection “exhibiting the
characteristic monochrome glaze of bright ruby red tint, and stippled
surface. The _soufflé_ glaze is applied over the whole surface with the
exception of a panel of irregular outline reserved on one side, where
it is shaded off so that the red fades gradually into a nearly white
ground.” This panel was afterwards filled in with a design in overglaze
enamels. A tazza in the British Museum has this same red covering
three-quarters of the exterior, and fading into the white ground. This
red also occurs in its beautiful translucent ruby tints on a pair of
small wine cups in the same collection, and on a set of larger cups
belonging to Mr. Eumorfopoulos. One would say it was the “liquid dawn”
tint of the celebrated wine cups of the late Ming potter, Hao Shih-chiu.
The _clair de lune_ or moon white (_yüeh pai_), an exquisite glaze
of palest blue, is illustrated on Plate 130. It is often faintly
tinged with lavender which bears out its description in the Imperial
list[413]: “This colour somewhat resembles the Ta Kuan glaze, but the
body of the ware is white. The glaze is without crackle, and there are
two shades--pale and dark.” The Kuan glaze, it should be explained, was
characterised by a reddish tinge.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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