26 The word ψυχή is clearly connected in Greek with ψύχω, which meant originally blowing, and was used either in the sense of cooling by blowing, or breathing by blowing. In the former acceptation it produced ψύχος, coldness; ψυχρός, cold; ψυχάω, I cool; in the latter ψυχή, breath, then life, then soul. So far the purely Greek growth of words derived from ψύχω is clear. But ψύχω itself is difficult. It seems to point to a root _spu_, meaning to blow out, to spit; Lat. _spuo_, and _spuma_, foam; Goth, _speivan_; Gr. πτύω, supposed to stand for σπιύω. Hesychius mentions ψύττει = πτύει, ψυττόν = πτύελον. (Pott, _Etym. Forsch._ No. 355.) Curtius connects this root with Gr. φυ, in φῦσα, blowing, bellows, φυσάω, to blow, φυσιάω, to snort, ποι-φύσσω, to blow, and with Lat. _spirare_ (_i.e._ spoisare). See E. B. Tylor, “The Religion of Savages,” _Fortnightly Review_, 1866, p. 73. Stahl, who rejected the division of life and mind adopted by Bacon, and returned to the Aristotelian doctrine, falls back on Plato’s etymology of ψυχή as φυσέχη, from φύσιν ἔχειν or ὀχεῖν, Crat. 400 B. In a passage of his _Theoria Medica Vera_ (Halæ, 1708), pointed out to me by Dr. Rolleston, Stahl says: “Invenio in lexico græco antiquiore post alios, et Budæum imprimis, iterum iterumque reviso, nomenclaturam nimis quam fugitive allegatam; φυσέχη, poetice, pro ψυχή. Incidit animo suspicari, an non verum primum nomen animæ antiquissimis Græcis fuerit hoc φυσέχη, quasi ἔχων τὸ φύειν, e cuius vocis pronunciatione deflectente, uti vere familiariter solet vocalium, inprimis sub accentibus, fugitiva enunciatione, sensim natum sit φυσ-χή φσυχή, denique ad faciliorem pronunciationem in locum φσυχή, ψυχή. Quam suspicionem fovere mihi videtur illud, quod vocabuli ψυχῆς, pro anima, nulla idonea analogia in lingua græca occurrat; nam quæ a ψύχω ducitur, cum verus huius et directus significatus notorie sit refrigero, indirectus autem magis, spiro, nihil certe hæc ad animam puto.” (P. 44.) 27 ἀνδροσδὲ ψυχὴ πάλιν ἐλθεῖν οὔτεν λειστὴ, οὔθ᾽ ἐλετὴ, ἐπεὶ ἄρ κεν ἀμείψεται ἔρκος ὀδόντων. _Il._ ix. 408. 28 διὰ δ᾽ ἔντερα χαλκὸς ἄφυσσεν δῃώσας; ψυχὴ δὲ κατ᾽ οὐταμένην ὠτειλὴν ἔσσυτ᾽ ἐπειγομέυη. _Il._ xiv. 517. 29 “Ter frustra compressa manu effugit imago, Par levibus ventis volucrique simillima somno.” Virg. _Æn._ ii. 792. 30 See E. B. Tylor, _Fortnightly Review_, 1866, p. 74. _ 31 Im-manis_, originally “not small,” came to mean enormous or monstrous. See Preller, _Römische Mythologie_, p. 72 _seq._ _ 32 Unkulunkulu; or the Tradition of Creation as existing among the Amazulu and other Tribes of South Africa_, by the Rev. J. Callaway, M. D. Natal, 1868. Part I. p. 91.