Combativeness is situated on each side of Philoprogenitiveness, a little behind, and up from the ear; being the result of great mental energy, it is indicative of physical courage; it enables an individual to contend with difficulty and danger, prompts to repel whatever is inimical, and opposed to his exertions. The instinctive tendency is doubtless to oppose, and thus produce courage; in its lowest activity it leads simply to resistance; in a higher degree to attack the measures, sentiments, or opinions of others; it is generally more developed in men than in women, although individual instances occur among women with this organ largely developed: the name given to this faculty originally by Dr. Gall was, "_the instinct of self defence, and defence of property_," but the definition was regarded by Spurzheim as too limited; and its operation in connection with other faculties is very extensive indeed--because _courage_ when properly directed is useful to preserve the right, and Dr. Johnson speaking of courage, says, "it is a quality so necessary for maintaining virtue that it is respected even when associated with vice."--On this account it lends _energy of character_, and is necessary to all great actions; for even in the most virtuous designs, how frequently is opposition manifested, which it requires every energy to subdue; those who fight for virtue, require courage as much, or more than those who fight for vice;--when this organ is deficient, the individual is unfitted for the bustles and fatigues of active life, he shrinks from hostility and from any course that opposes the feelings, the prejudices or even the vices of human society. It is very powerful in combination, lending its aid to the designs of a Howard, lending _energy_ to the application of talent, or _courage_ to the opponent of sin;--the most perfect and useful member of society, is formed by the full developement of moral sentiments, due allowance of reflective power, and a stimulative degree of this organ. Useful, however as it is, when well used, so is its action dangerous when unchecked, and in abuse. It inspires a love of contention, and controversy, so that the social hours become embittered by strife; a tendency to anger and provocation by irritating conduct; to rashness in designs from miscalculation of their effects. An individual knowing this organ to be large, should always _think_ before he _acts_, and always keep before him the illustrious example of _Him_, who "being reviled, reviled not again."--The energy given him, should be employed well, he should never "be weary of well doing," but remember that "the fruit of the spirit, is love, joy, and peace." 6. DESTRUCTIVENESS.