Balder, 273 Baptism of Christ, celebrated at Epiphany, 20-2, 101-4 Barbara, St., her festival, 268 Bari, festival of St. Nicholas at, 221 Barring out the master, 224 Bartel, 219 Basil, St., his festival, 331 Basilidians, 21 Basle, Council of, 305 Bavaria, St. Martin's rod in, 207; Christmas-trees in, 266-7; sacrificial feast in, 286; St. John's wine in, 314 Beauvais, Feast of the Ass at, 305 Bede, Venerable, 181, 203 |392| Bees on Christmas Eve, 234 Befana, 244, 278, 343 Belethus, Johannes, 302 Belgium, All Souls' Eve in, 192, 194; St. Hubert's Day in, 202; Martinmas in, 204-7; St. Catherine's Day in, 213; St. Nicholas in, 219; St. Thomas's Day in, 224 Bentzon, Madame Th., 96-7 Berchta. _See_ Perchta Berlin, pyramids in, 266; biscuits in, 288 Bernard, St., of Clairvaux, 33 Berry, cake customs in, 287, 339 Bethlehem, Christmas at, 94-5, 107 Biggar, bonfires at, 327 Bilfinger, Dr. G., 172 Birds fed at Christmas, 289 Blindman's buff, 293 Boar's head, 284, 348 Bohemia, the "star" in, 152; fifteenth-century Christmas customs in, 183; St. Andrew's Eve in, 215-6; St. Thomas's Eve in, 224-5 Boniface, St., 171 Boy Bishop, 212-3, 306-8; connection with St. Nicholas, 220-1, 307-8 "Breast-strip" rites, 328 Breviary, the Roman, 90 Briid, 354 Brimo, 21 Brittany, Herod play in, 141; Magi actors in, 151; All Souls' Eve in, 191-2; Christmas Eve superstitions in, 233-5, 236; Christmas log in, 256; New Year in, 323; _aguillanneuf_ in, 330; weather superstition in, 332 Brixen, cradle-rocking at, 111 Brixlegg, Christmas play at, 143 f. Bromfield, Cumberland, barring out the master at, 224 Brough, Westmoreland, Twelfth Night tree at, 270 Brunnen, Epiphany at, 341 Budelfrau, 220 Burchardus of Worms, 181 Burford, Christmas holly at, 275 Burghead, "Clavie" at, 327 Burns, Robert, 197 "Bush, burning the," 346 Buzebergt, 220 Byrom, John, 84 Caballero, Fernan, 66-7, 117, 151 Caesarius of Arles, 170-1, 181 Cakes, "feasten," 177; soul, 192-4; St. Hubert's, 202; Martin's horns, 204; Christmas, 287-8, 289-90; Twelfth Night, 337-40, 346; St. Basil's, 341 Calabrian minstrels, 112 Calamy, 185 Caligula, 168 Callander, Hallowe'en at, 198 Cambridge, St. Clement's Day at, 212 Canada, Christmas Eve superstition in, 234 Candlemas, 350, 352-5 Candles, on St. Lucia's Day, 212-2; Yule, 258-60 Cards, Christmas, 279 Carinthia, St. Stephen's Day in, 312 Carnival, 300, 349 Carols, meaning of the word, 47-8; English sacred, 47-51, 76-8, 84-5; Welsh, 69; Irish, 69-70; Highland, 70 Catholicism and Christmas, 27, 186 Celtic New Year, 172, 189, 195, 203-4, 321 Centaurs, 247 Cereal sacraments, 177-8. _See also_ Cakes Chambers, Mr. E. K., 5, 125, 299-300, 302-7, 348 Charlemagne, coronation of, 96 Charms, New Year, 182, 195-8, 321-34 Cheshire, Old Hob in, 199; poultry specially fed at Christmas, 289