Chronicles of Newgate, Vol. 1: From the twelfth to the eighteenth centuryGriffiths, Arthur
History
Chronicles of Newgate, Vol. 1: From the twelfth to the eighteenth century
Griffiths, Arthur
Criminals -- Great Britain; Newgate (Prison : London, England); Prisons -- England; Punishment -- Great Britain
Nevison appears to have been arrested and in custody in 1676. He was
tried for his life, but reprieved and drafted into a regiment at
Tangier. He soon deserted, and returning to England, again took to
the road. He was next captured at Wakefield, tried, and sentenced to
death; but escaped from prison, to be finally taken up for a trifling
robbery, for which he suffered at York. The depositions preserved by
the Surtees' Society show that he was the life and centre of a gang
of highway robbers who worked in association. They levied blackmail
upon the whole countryside; attended fairs, race meetings, and public
gatherings, and had spies and accomplices, innkeepers and ostlers, who
kept them informed of the movements of travellers, and put them in the
way of likely jobs to be done. Drovers and farmers who paid a tax to
them escaped spoliation; but all others were very roughly handled. The
gang had its headquarters at the Talbot Inn, Newark, where they kept a
room by the year, and met at regular intervals to divide the proceeds
of their robberies.
Many instances are recorded of another crime somewhat akin to highway
robbery. The forcible abduction of heiresses was nothing new; but it
was now prosecuted with more impudence and daring than heretofore.
Luttrell tells us, under date 1st June, 1683, that one Mrs. Synderfin,
a rich widow, was taken out of her carriage on Hounslow Heath, by a
Captain Clifford and his comrades. They carried her into France to
"Calice" against her will, and with much barbarous ill-usage made her
marry Clifford. Mrs. Synderfin or Clifford was, however, rescued, and
brought back to England. Clifford escaped, but presently returning to
London, was seized and committed to custody. He pleaded in defence his
great passion for the lady, and his seeing no other way to win her. It
was not mere fortune-hunting, he declared, as he possessed a better
estate than hers. But the Lord Chief Justice charged the jury that they
must find the prisoners guilty, which they did, and all were sentenced
to imprisonment in Newgate for one year. Captain Clifford was also to
pay a fine of £1,000, two of his confederates £500 each, and two more
£100. In the same authority is an account how—"Yesterday a gentleman
was committed to Newgate for stealing a young lady worth £10,000, by
the help of bailiffs, who arrested her and her maid in a false action,
and had got them into a coach, but they were rescued." Again, a year or
two later, "one Swanson, a Dane, who pretends to be a Deal merchant,
is committed to Newgate for stealing one Miss Rawlins, a young lady of
Leicestershire, with a fortune of £4,000. Three bailiffs and a woman,
Swanson's pretended sister, who assisted, are also committed, they
having forced her to marry him. Swanson and Mrs. Bainton were convicted
of this felony at the King's Bench Bar; but the bailiffs who arrested
her on a sham action were acquitted, with which the court was not well
pleased.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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