But when all else fails, and re-casting is absolutely unavoidable, let me plead that some faithful record of the old bell may be kept. At least the old inscription may be preserved, as to their credit was often done by the seventeenth-century founders, on the new bell. This practice, I note, is increasing, and deserves every commendation. But there is an even more excellent way. The inscription may be copied in exact fac-simile on the new bell (with, of course, an indication of the new date), as has been successfully done in many instances, notably by Blews of Birmingham on the old tenor at Brailes, Warwickshire, and in other cases by Mears and Stainbank and by Taylor (see Plate 19). Or, again, the inscription-band may be cut out and kept in the church, or used as the ring of a candelabrum. This has been done at Chester-le-Street, in Durham; West Bergholt, in Essex; and elsewhere. It at least preserves what is of special interest and beauty. Or, lastly, the old bell may be kept in its entirety, as a relic of the past, in some part of the church. This has been done, to the great credit of the parish authorities at Wingrave, in Bucks; Batcombe, in Dorset; Barrow Gurney, in Somerset; and Swyncombe, in Oxfordshire. This may perhaps be a counsel of perfection, as it entails the sacrifice of the money allowed for the old metal; but it is certainly the most praiseworthy course, even if it is too much to expect from a poor parish. I plead, therefore, in conclusion, first for clean and accessible belfries; secondly for orderly ringing-chambers; thirdly for due care and attention to the bells and their fittings; and last, but not least, for the preservation of all old and interesting bells, not only to earn the gratitude of the casual antiquary, but to show that their historic value, and the services they have so long and faithfully rendered, receive due appreciation. FOOTNOTES: [1] For an illustration of bells in a frame, see Plate 28. [2] An early London bell is illustrated on Plate 12. [3] The belfry of Bruges is shown in Plate 23. INDEX Aldbourne, Wilts, foundry at, 112; bell at, 120. Alfred the Great introduces Curfew, 98. Angelus bell, 98. Bagleys (founders), 37. Bartlets (founders), 40. Belfries and bell-turrets, 6, 8, 62 ff.; condition and care of, 75, 139 ff.; and see Campanile, Tower. Bell, Derivation of word, 1. Bell-founders, 8, 21 ff.; monastic, 21; in London, 22, 24, 28, 40; of 14th century, 24 ff.; of 15th century, 28 ff., 106; Elizabethan, 33, 111; of 17th-18th centuries, 34 ff., 111; itinerant, 37; modern, 41, 44 ff., 150, 154, 155. Bell-founding, see Casting. Bell-metal, Composition of, 10.