IV contrasted with absurd modern error, as to meaning of Article V--That modern error is sole basis of Tory concept that any or all governments could make Articles like First Article or supposed Eighteenth Amendment--Article IV guarantees to citizens of each state that their state government shall be republican, getting from them its every power to interfere with their individual freedom--Senate Resolution asks state governments, outside each state, to give each state government power to interfere with the freedom of its own citizens--Congress of 1917 acted on assumption that Article V meant to enable Congress to suggest any desired breach of the guarantee in the closing words of Article IV. XVII. THE TORY IN THE HOUSE _Page 254_ Despite our education with Americans from 1775 to 1790, in 1917, when Americans are at war for human liberty, the only American government recognizes other governments (the state legislatures) as an omnipotent Parliament with all American citizens as “subjects”--Volstead Act is only statute in America, interfering with individual liberty, which does not even pretend to be founded on direct grant of power from its citizens to the government which enacted it--Webb, in the House, states, “We thought it wise to give both the Congress and the several states” new power to command the American citizen on this matter not enumerated in the First Article--His tribute to the state governments, as master governments of American citizen, exactly the tribute paid by Lloyd George to the power of the Westminster Parliament over its “subjects”--Marshall, Hamilton, Madison, the Virginia Convention of 1788, the Supreme Court repeatedly and even in 1907, flatly deny the concept of Webb and the 1917 Congress--Concept of latter merely repeats mistake of government counsel on which Supreme Court dwelt with emphasis in 1907--Ignores most important factor in Tenth Amendment, “people” or “conventions”--From the early Americans, “Who but the people can delegate powers? What have the state governments to do with it?” and “How comes it, sir, that these state governments dictate to their superiors--to the majesty of the people?”--Webb reads to the House a Fifth Article in which “conventions” does not appear--Madison tells Webb and all of his Tory concept, “These gentlemen must here be reminded of their error. They must be told that the ultimate authority resides in the people alone, and that it will not depend merely on the comparative ambition or address of the different governments, whether either, or which of them, will be able to enlarge its sphere of jurisdiction at the expense of the other”--Webb closes in the House with an eloquent appeal to every other follower of Mohammet. XVIII. THE TORY IN THE SENATE _Page 275_