When we sit in the conventions of 1787 and 1788 with the Americans who had this common concept of the only purpose of government of men, their concept is our own as we read with them the language of the Fifth Article. And it is impossible for us, as it is impossible for them, to find concealed in that language the thought of a “grant” to government, a “grant” which would challenge this concept of the very purpose of government. They are sitting in “conventions” assembled to determine whether American individuals will enter into the new society of men, which is to be America. They have received the Fifth Article from Americans in Philadelphia, who have accompanied the proposal of that Fifth Article with a letter which states, “Individuals entering into society must give up a share of liberty, to preserve the rest.” This statement is recognized by the Americans, in the “conventions” where we sit, as the exact statement of the concept of the sole purpose of a government of men. With that concept and that letter before us, how can we or the Americans with whom we sit find in the Fifth Article the remarkable idea that Americans, entering the society of America, are to give up all their liberties to the state governments in order that Americans may preserve the rest of their liberties? In these modern days, however, there has asserted itself, in Bolshevik Russia and in the America of which we are the citizens, two distinct manifestations of an entirely different concept of the purpose of government than was the concept of the Americans in the “conventions.” Although the manifestation of the new concept by the Bolshevik in Russia has been different from the manifestation of the new concept by an aggressive and organized minority in America, the new concept, at the bottom of each manifestation, is exactly the same. It is the concept that the purpose of constituting a government of men is to secure the welfare of the state or community or nation and not the liberty and happiness of the individuals who compose the nation. This is the exact concept of the Bolshevik Russian and the Eighteenth Amendment American. To neither of them would the words of that letter from Philadelphia convey the slightest meaning, the words “individuals entering into society must give up a share of liberty, to preserve the rest.” In their mutual concept, the individual has no liberty which government need respect. In the Bible of their concept, men cannot find the words which declare the basic American principle, that every just power of government must come from the individuals who are to be governed by its exercise. It is, however, a misnomer to call this common concept of the Bolshevik Russian and the Eighteenth Amendment American a _new_ concept. It is identical with the old concept known as “Socialism,” the concept that community welfare, the prosperity and power and strength of a nation, are more important things than