Classics of modern science : $b (Copernicus to Pasteur)
History
Classics of modern science : $b (Copernicus to Pasteur)
Science; Science -- History
Supposing the connection between the star and its surrounding
nebulosity to be allowed, we argue, that one of the two following cases
must necessarily be admitted: In the first place, if the nebulosity
consist of stars that are very remote, which appear nebulous on account
of the small angles their mutual distances subtend at the eye, by which
they will not only, as it were, run into each other, but also appear
extremely faint and diluted; then, what must be the enormous size of
the central point, which outshines all the rest in so superlative a
degree as to admit of no comparison! In the next place, if the star be
larger than common, how very small and compressed must be those other
luminous points that are the occasion of the nebulosity which surrounds
the central one! As, by the former supposition, the luminous central
point must far exceed the standard of what we call a star, so, in the
latter, the shining matter about the centre will be much too small to
come under the same denomination; we therefore either have a central
body which is not a star, or have a star which is involved in a shining
fluid, of a nature totally unknown to us. Dr. H. can adopt no other
sentiment than the latter, since the probability is certainly not for
the existence of so enormous a body as would be required to shine like
a star of the eighth magnitude, at a distance sufficiently great to
cause a vast system of stars to put on the appearance of a very diluted
milky nebulosity.
But what a field of novelty is here opened to our conceptions! A
shining fluid, of a brightness sufficient to reach us from the remote
regions of a star of the 8th, 9th, 10th, or 12th magnitude, and of an
extent so considerable as to take up 3, 4, 5, or 6 minutes in diameter!
Can we compare it to the coruscation of the electric fluid in the
aurora borealis? Or to the more magnificent cone of the zodiacal light
as we see it in the spring or autumn? The latter, notwithstanding Dr.
H. has observed it to reach at least 90° from the sun, is yet of so
little extent and brightness, as probably not to be perceived even by
the inhabitants of Saturn or the Georgian planet, and must be utterly
invisible at the remoteness of the nearest fixed star.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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